Proteomic profile of seminal plasma from Pêga donkeys (Equus asinus) with high sperm motility and vigor: Implications for assisted reproduction.

Donkeys of the Pêga breed (Equus asinus) have been used for two centuries to produce breeding stock and create hybrids for labor and transport in southeast Brazil, and for exporting meat and milk to other countries. Furthermore, they are used in competitions, as they are docile and easy to handle. However, assisted reproduction success rates for frozen donkey semen are remarkably low, with no standardized method for cryopreserving sperm after removal of seminal plasma.

Human milk proteins differentiate over the sex of newborns and across stages of lactation.

Background & Aims: Human milk (HM) is a complete food that meets the nutritional and energy demands of the newborns. It contains numerous bioactive components, including functional proteins. Variations in HM energy and lipid content have already been reported related to the newborn's sex, but differences between protein profiles are still scarce.

Carboxypeptidase inhibitors from as a new subclass of pathogenesis related peptide aiming biotechnological targets for plant defense.

Plant protease inhibitors play a crucial role in inhibiting proteases produced by phytopathogens and exhibiting inhibitory effects on nematodes, fungi, and insects, making them promising candidates for crop protection. Specifically, carboxypeptidase inhibitors, a subset of proteinase inhibitors, have been extensively studied in potato and tomato of plant family. However, further research is needed to fully understand the functions and biotechnological potential of those inhibitors in plants.

Relative Abundance of Spermadhesin-1 in the Seminal Plasma of Young Nellore Bulls Is in Agreement with Reproductive Parameters.

This study aimed to evaluate the proteomic profile of seminal plasma from young Nellore bulls. We used 20 bulls aged between 19.8 and 22.

Proteoforms of β-Casein, α-s1-Casein, α-Lactalbumin, Serum Albumin, and Lactotransferrin Identified in Different Lactation Phases of Human Milk by Proteomics Approach.

Scope: Human milk (HM) has a wide range of proteins with biological and nutritional functions, essential for newborns. The roles of proteins and their proteoforms in HM are not fully understood. This study aims to assess, by 2-DE proteomics, the differential proteoforms in HM, present in colostrum (COL), transition (TRA), and mature milk (MAT), aiming to contribute to understanding neonates' protein needs.

Kallikrein proteoforms and reproductive parameters in stallion are conditioned by climate.

Horses are seasonal polyoestrous animals, and the photoperiod is the main factor modulating their reproductive activity. There is no consensus on the andrological and biochemical factors that influence breeding seasonality. To assess the involvement of climate in reproduction, Mangalarga Marchador stallions were monitored over 1 year regarding semen quality and seminal plasma proteome.

Protein expression profiling of Staphylococcus aureus in response to the bacteriocin bovicin HC5.

Alternative strategies to antibiotic treatment are required to inhibit pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus. Bacteriocins, such as the lantibiotic bovicin HC5, have shown potential to control pathogens. This study aims to evaluate the stress response of S.

Identification and characterization of a polyurethanase with lipase activity from Serratia liquefaciens isolated from cold raw cow's milk.

Lipases are associated with food spoilage and are also used in various biotechnological applications. In this study, we sought to purify, identify, and characterize a lipase from S. liquefaciens isolated from cold raw cow's milk.

Nisin Z Production by Wild Strains of Isolated from Brazilian (Italian Type) Fermented Sausage.

In this study, five bacteriocin-producing strains were identified from different naturally fermented Brazilian sausages. Ion exchange and reversed-phase chromatographies were used to purify the bacteriocins from culture supernatant of the five strains. Mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF) showed that the molecular masses of the bactericoins from ID1.

Proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses reveal several events involved in the early stages of bovine herpesvirus 1 infection.

Herpesviruses are predicted to express more than 80 proteins during their infection cycle. The proteins synthesized by the immediate early genes and early genes target signaling pathways in host cells that are essential for the successful initiation of a productive infection and for latency. In this study, proteomic and phosphoproteomic tools showed the occurrence of changes in Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells at the early stage of the infection by bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1).

Extraction and identification of antimicrobial peptides from the Canastra artisanal minas cheese.

Canastra artisanal Minas cheese samples were collected in Minas Gerais - Brazil. The samples were evaluated in order to observe the presence of antimicrobial peptides during 30 days of ripening. Soluble peptides extracted from the cheeses were fractionated by reverse phase liquid chromatography and their fractions evaluated for inhibitory action of E.

Anti-Hypertensive Peptides Derived from Caseins: Mechanism of Physiological Action, Production Bioprocesses, and Challenges for Food Applications.

This review is focused on the state-of-art of peptides with inhibitory activity towards angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) - thus, with anti-hypertensive potential - derived from enzymatic hydrolysis of caseins. Firstly, molecular characteristics of caseins relevant to a better understanding of this subject were concisely commented. Next, a brief description of the pathophysiology of hypertension was explained, focusing on the ACE role in regulation of blood pressure in human body.

Comparative analysis of constitutive proteome between resistant and susceptible tomato genotypes regarding to late blight.

Late blight is one of the most destructive diseases of the tomato, resulting in substantial economic losses. There is difficulty in controlling this disease, so the molecular characterization of tomato genotypes may help in the selection of higher resistance tomato plants against Phytophthora infestans, late blight's pathogen. The objective was to analyze the differences with regard to the constitutive proteome between the access Vegetable Germplasm Bank (BGH)-2127, resistant genotype, and Santa Clara-susceptible genotype to late blight.

Purification and characterization of two new cell-bound bioactive compounds produced by wild Lactococcus lactis strain.

Novel compounds and innovative methods are required considering that antibiotic resistance has reached a crisis point. In the study, two cell-bound antimicrobial compounds produced by Lactococcus lactis ID1.5 were isolated and partially characterized.

Computer aided identification of a Hevein-like antimicrobial peptide of bell pepper leaves for biotechnological use.

Background: Antimicrobial peptides from plants present mechanisms of action that are different from those of conventional defense agents. They are under-explored but have a potential as commercial antimicrobials. Bell pepper leaves ('Magali R') are discarded after harvesting the fruit and are sources of bioactive peptides.

Acyl homoserine lactone changes the abundance of proteins and the levels of organic acids associated with stationary phase in Salmonella Enteritidis.

Quorum sensing (QS) is cell-cell communication mechanism mediated by signaling molecules known as autoinducers (AIs) that lead to differential gene expression. Salmonella is unable to synthesize the AI-1 acyl homoserine lactone (AHL), but is able to recognize AHLs produced by other microorganisms through SdiA protein. Our study aimed to evaluate the influence of AI-1 on the abundance of proteins and the levels of organic acids of Salmonella Enteritidis.

Proteomic analysis of Aedes aegypti midgut during post-embryonic development and of the female mosquitoes fed different diets.

In this work we analyzed protein expression in the Aedes aegypti midgut during the larval (fourth instar, L4), pupal, and adult stages [including newly emerged (NE), sugar-fed (SF) and blood-fed (BF) females]. Two-dimensional electrophoresis showed 13 spots in the midgut of larvae, 95 in the midgut of pupae, 90 in the midgut of NE, and 76 in the midgut of SF or BF females. In the larval midguts, high serpin expression was noted, while in the pupae, protein abundance was lower than in the NE, SF, and BF females.

Differential abundances of four forms of Binder of SPerm 1 in the seminal plasma of Bos taurus indicus bulls with different patterns of semen freezability.

The Binder of SPerm 1 (BSP1) protein is involved in the fertilization and semen cryopreservation processes and is described to be both beneficial and detrimental to sperm. Previously, the relationship of BSP1 with freezability events has not been completely understood. The objective of this work was to determine the differential abundance of the forms of the BSP1 protein in cryopreserved seminal plasma of Bos taurus indicus bulls with different patterns of semen freezability using proteomics.

Toxicity of bovicin HC5 against mammalian cell lines and the role of cholesterol in bacteriocin activity.

Bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides produced by Bacteria and some Archaea. The assessment of the toxic potential of antimicrobial peptides is important in order to apply these peptides on an industrial scale. The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro cytotoxic and haemolytic potential of bovicin HC5, as well as to determine whether cholesterol influences bacteriocin activity on model membranes.

Separomics applied to the proteomics and peptidomics of low-abundance proteins: Choice of methods and challenges - A review.

The enrichment and isolation of proteins are considered limiting steps in proteomic studies. Identification of proteins whose expression is transient, those that are of low-abundance, and of natural peptides not described in databases, is still a great challenge. Plant extracts are in general complex, and contaminants interfere with the identification of proteins involved in important physiological processes, such as plant defense against pathogens.

Identification of a novel receptor-like protein kinase that interacts with a geminivirus nuclear shuttle protein.

Despite extensive studies in plant virus-host interactions, the molecular mechanisms of geminivirus movement and interactions with host components remain largely unknown. A tomato kinase protein and its soybean homolog were found to interact specifically with the nuclear shuttle protein (NSP) of Tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) and Tomato crinkle leaf yellows virus (TCrLYV) through yeast two-hybrid screening and in vitro protein binding assays. These proteins, designated LeNIK (Lycopersicon esculentum NSP-Interacting Kinase) and GmNIK (Glycine max NIK), belong to the LRR-RLK (leucine rich-repeat receptor-like kinase) family that is involved in plant developmental processes and/or resistance response.