Maternal singing reduced pain indexes in 2-month-old infants and increased proximity during vaccinations.

Aim: Immunisation is a global health priority, but methods of non-pharmacological pain relief are not widely used in routine clinical practice. In this study, we set out to investigate the effects of maternal singing during the routine vaccination of infants.

Methods: We recruited 67 mother-infant pairs at Health Centres in the Aosta Region of Italy.