Assessing the role of prognostic nutritional index in predicting outcomes for rectal cancer surgery.

Background & Aims: The association of Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) with prognosis has been established for various cancer types, including rectal cancer. However, the precise relationship between PNI and body composition characteristics in patients with non-metastatic rectal cancer remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of PNI on overall survival and disease-free survival in non-metastatic rectal cancer patients undergoing total surgical resection.

Examining variations in body composition among patients with colorectal cancer according to site and disease stage.

Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) often exhibit changes in body composition (BC) which are associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Many studies group colon and rectal cancers together, irrespective of staging, potentially affecting assessment and treatment strategies. Our study aimed to compare BC in patients with CRC focusing on tumor location and metastasis presence.

Abdominal adiposity as a prognosis biomarker of clinical outcome in metastatic colorectal cancer.

Objectives: Adipose tissue distribution and radiodensity are associated with prognosis in many types of cancer. However, the roles of adipose tissue distribution and radiodensity in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic effect of adiposity and adipose tissue radiodensities in patients with mCRC.

Prognostic value of myosteatosis and systemic inflammation in patients with resectable gastric cancer: A retrospective study.

Background/objectives: The association between systemic inflammation and myosteatosis upon diagnosis of gastric cancer (GC) and whether these factors could predict survival outcomes is not clear. Our aim was to explore the association between systemic inflammation and myosteatosis upon diagnosis of GC, specially whether the co-occurrence of these factors could predict survival outcomes.

Subjects/methods: Computed tomography (CT) was performed at the level of the third lumbar vertebra for body composition analysis in 280 patients with GC.

Association of Albumin-Corrected Serum Calcium Levels with Colorectal Cancer Survival Outcomes.

In epidemiological studies, higher calcium intake has been associated with decreased colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence. However, whether circulating calcium concentrations are associated with CRC prognosis is largely unknown. In this retrospective cohort analysis, we identified 498 patients diagnosed with stage I-IV CRC between the years of 2000 and 2018 in whom calcium and albumin level measurements within 3 months of diagnosis had been taken.

Myosteatosis Differentially Affects the Prognosis of Non-Metastatic Colon and Rectal Cancer Patients: An Exploratory Study.

Body composition performed by computed tomography (CT) impacts on cancer patients' prognoses and responses to treatment. Myosteatosis has been related to overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the independent impact of the association of myosteatosis with prognosis in colon cancer (CC) and rectal cancer (RC) is still unclear. CT was performed at the L3 level to assess body composition features in 227 patients with CRC.

Visceral adipose tissue glucose uptake is linked to prognosis in multiple myeloma patients: An exploratory study.

Background & Aims: The use of computerized tomography to opportunistically assess body composition has highlighted abnormalities such as low muscle mass and high adiposity may be hidden conditions in cancer patients. However, the role of skeletal muscle (SM), subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue glucose uptake measured by F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)-CT on patient prognostication is unclear.

Methods: Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) with satisfactory image frame for assessing body composition and for semi-quantification of SM, SAT and VAT glucose uptakes were included.

Adipose tissue radiodensity: A new prognostic biomarker in people with multiple myeloma.

Objectives: Standard prognostic markers based on individual characteristics of individuals with multiple myeloma (MM) remain scarce. Body-composition features have often been associated with survival outcomes in different cancers. However, the association of adipose tissue radiodensity with MM prognosis has not yet, to our knowledge, been explored.

Intracellular hyaluronic acid-binding protein 4 (HABP4): a candidate tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer.

Hyaluronic Acid-binding protein 4 (HABP4) is a regulatory protein of 57 kDa that is functionally involved in transcription regulation and RNA metabolism and shows several characteristics common to oncoproteins or tumor suppressors, including altered expression in cancer tissues, nucleus/cytoplasm shuttling, intrinsic lack of protein structure, complex interactomes and post translational modifications. Its gene has been found in a region on chromosome 9q22.3-31, which contains SNP haplotypes occurring in individuals with a high risk for familial colon cancer.

Myosteatosis in a systemic inflammation-dependent manner predicts favorable survival outcomes in locally advanced esophageal cancer.

Increased adiposity and its attendant metabolic features as well as systemic inflammation have been associated with prognosis in locally advanced esophageal cancer (LAEC). However, whether myosteatosis and its combination with systemic inflammatory markers are associated with prognosis of esophageal cancer is unknown. Our study aimed to investigate the influence of myosteatosis and its association with systemic inflammation on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in LAEC patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT).

Sarcopenia as an independent prognostic factor in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: A retrospective evaluation.

Background & Aims: Sarcopenia has been associated with poor prognosis in a number of malignancies. However, whether sarcopenia is associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis in a metastatic setting remains unclear. The aim of the study presented was to evaluate the impact of sarcopenia on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic CRC.

Difference in fatty acids composition of breast adipose tissue in women with breast cancer and benign breast disease.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world, and the most frequent cancer among women. Moreover, there are factors that influence the risk for breast cancer including the age, genetic and endocrine factors, and lifestyle.

Objectives: To evaluate the consumption of fatty acids; compare the fatty acids composition in the breast adipose tissue of women with breast cancer and benign breast disease as well as potential risk factors; and describe the genotypic frequency of the Pro12Ala PPARγ polymorphism.

Antioxidant vitamins and cytokines are altered in breast cancer.

A case-control study was conducted to assess the levels of α-tocopherol, retinol, and β-carotene in different tissues and the genetic expression of inflammatory mediators in women with breast cancer. The study included 51 women divided into two groups: case (n = 25) and benign breast disease (n = 26). We evaluated the dietary intake of α-tocopherol, retinol, and β-carotene and measured plasma and tissue concentrations of these compounds and the inflammatory mediators IL-8, IL-10, and IFNγ.

Sodium butyrate does not decrease the evolution of precancerous lesions in rats.

Purpose: To evaluate the preventive effect of sodium butyrate in the appearance of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats after induction with the carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH).

Methods: Forty Wistar rats were separated into four groups (n=10) distributed as follows: control 1, control 2, butyrate 1 and butyrate 2. The groups control 1 and butyrate 1 remained under experimentation for 4 weeks, while the groups control 2 and butyrate 2 remained for 8 weeks.