Nitric oxide in neonatal hypoxemic respiratory failure.

Nitric oxide (NO) is a cellular signaling molecule and a powerful vasodilator. NO modulates basal pulmonary vascular tone and it is important to reduce blood pressure and to treat hypoxemic respiratory failure, such as persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) in newborns. PPHN is defined as a failure of normal pulmonary vascular adaptation at or soon after birth, resulting in a persisting high pulmonary vascular resistance.

Therapeutic hypothermia in a late preterm infant.

Therapeutic hypothermia is a recognized treatment for term infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in reducing rate of death or neurodevelopmental disabilities. Little is known about applications of this treatment to preterm newborns. Studies in animal experimental models demonstrated the efficacy of hypothermia in preterm fetuses but clinical application to newborn infants are limited to restricted cases, as severe necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).

A child with vestibular neuritis. is adenovirus implicated?

Vertigo in children is relatively under examined in the literature. Among its causes, vestibular neuritis (VN) represents only 2% of cases, with its etiology remaining unknown. We report for the first time a 4-year-old boy with vestibular neuritis and serological results compatible with adenoviral infection.

Craniofacial dyssynostosis: case report and review.

Craniofacial dyssynostosis (CFD) is a rare disorder related to premature closure of the lambdoid suture and the posterior part of the sagittal suture. Epilepsy, mental retardation, abnormalities of the corpus callosum, and short stature have been reported. We studied a patient with CFD, hydronephrosis, and partially empty sella turcica; the latter two features are reported for the first time.