Developmental changes in obstructive sleep apnea and sleep architecture in Down syndrome.

Background: Down syndrome (DS, also known as Trisomy 21) is a condition associated with abnormal neurodevelopment and a higher risk for sleep apnea. Our study sought to better understand and characterize the age-related developmental differences in sleep architecture and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity in children with DS compared to euploid individuals.

Methods: Retrospective review of polysomnograms in over 4151 infants, children, and adolescents in the pediatric sleep center at Children's National Hospital in Washington D.

Real-world data evaluation of PAP responsiveness in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.

Study Objectives: The use of positive airway pressure (PAP) in children is a complex process determined by multiple factors. There are limited data on the response of the pediatric population to PAP therapy at home. The goal of the study was to examine real-world responses using PAP home monitoring in children with obstructive sleep apnea.

Connexins and Pannexins: Important Players in Neurodevelopment, Neurological Diseases, and Potential Therapeutics.

Cell-to-cell communication is essential for proper embryonic development and its dysfunction may lead to disease. Recent research has drawn attention to a new group of molecules called connexins (Cxs) and pannexins (Panxs). Cxs have been described for more than forty years as pivotal regulators of embryogenesis; however, the exact mechanism by which they provide this regulation has not been clearly elucidated.