Updates in Diagnostic Imaging for Infectious Keratitis: A Review.

Infectious keratitis (IK) is among the top five leading causes of blindness globally. Early diagnosis is needed to guide appropriate therapy to avoid complications such as vision impairment and blindness. Slit lamp microscopy and culture of corneal scrapes are key to diagnosing IK.

Knowledge, views and experiences of Australian optometrists in relation to ocular stem cell therapies.

Clinical Relevance: Findings from this study examining Australian optometrists' insights into ocular stem cell (SC) therapies have capacity to inform continuing professional development (CPD) about these interventions.

Background: This study investigated Australian optometrists' knowledge, views, experiences, and preferred education sources regarding ocular SC therapies.

Methods: An online survey was distributed to optometrists via Optometry Australia, Mivision magazine, professional groups, and social media from August 2020 to March 2021.

Infectious keratitis: A review.

Globally, infectious keratitis is the fifth leading cause of blindness. The main predisposing factors include contact lens wear, ocular injury and ocular surface disease. Staphylococcus species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Fusarium species, Candida species and Acanthamoeba species are the most common causal organisms.

Presumed Microbial Keratitis Cases Resulting in Evisceration and Enucleation in Sydney, Australia.

Purpose: Describe presumed microbial keratitis cases resulting in evisceration/enucleation from 2012 to 2016 in Sydney, Australia.

Methods: A retrospective case review included 33 patients. Cases were identified from pathology and hospital coding data.

Clinical outcomes of herpes simplex keratitis: Two-year experience from a quaternary eye care centre in Sydney, Australia.

Purpose: To report anti-viral therapy and outcomes for patients with herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) in a quaternary centre in Sydney, Australia.

Methods: A retrospective case review of patients who received anti-viral medications for any form of HSK was conducted. Cases were identified from pathology results, pharmacy records and hospital coding data from 2012 to 2013.

Outcomes of Microbial Keratitis Cases Resistant to Antimicrobials in Sydney, Australia.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe demographics, predisposing factors, clinical features, treatment, and outcomes of microbial keratitis cases resistant to antimicrobials.

Methods: A retrospective case series was conducted. All patients with microbial keratitis resistant to antimicrobials who underwent a corneal scrape and culture from 2012 to December 2016 at the Sydney Eye Hospital were included.

Late onset of microbial keratitis after laser in situ keratomileusis surgery: case series.

Purpose: To report predisposing factors, clinical features, microbiology spectrum, antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial therapy, and outcomes of patients with a previous laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery and diagnosed with presumed microbial keratitis.

Setting: Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Design: Retrospective case review.

Predisposing factors, microbiological features and outcomes of patients with clinical presumed concomitant microbial and herpes simplex keratitis.

Background/objectives: To describe the predisposing factors, pathogens and outcomes in patients with clinical presumed concomitant microbial and herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) at Sydney Eye Hospital, Australia over a 5-year period.

Subjects/methods: A retrospective case review was conducted. Patients with clinical presumed concomitant microbial and HSK from 2012 to 2016 were identified from pathology and hospital coding databases.

Microbial Keratitis After Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Corneal Ectasia.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to report the clinical profile and microbiological of patients with microbial keratitis post accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL).

Methods: A retrospective case series of all patients diagnosed with microbial keratitis post-CXL who attended the Sydney Eye Hospital, Australia from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2019 were included. Patients were identified from hospital coding and pathology data.

Bacterial Ocular Surveillance System (BOSS) Sydney, Australia 2017-2018.

This study investigated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles from a cohort of patients with bacterial keratitis treated at Sydney Eye Hospital, 1 January 2017 - 31 December 2018. These AMR profiles were analysed in the context of the current Australian empiric regimens for topical therapy: ciprofloxacin/ofloxacin monotherapy versus combination therapy of cefalotin/cephazolin plus gentamicin. At our Centre, combinations of (i) chloramphenicol plus gentamicin and (ii) chloramphenicol plus ciprofloxacin are alternatively used, so were also analysed.

Topical Steroids as Adjunctive Therapy for Bacterial Keratitis: Evidence From a Retrospective Case Series of 313 Cases.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to report topical steroid usage in bacterial keratitis and analyze the effects of steroids on patients' outcomes to the main causative organisms.

Design: A retrospective case-series.

Methods: This study included all patients with corneal scrape positive bacterial keratitis from January 2012 to December 2016 at the Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, Australia.

Pediatric Microbial Keratitis: Experience From Tertiary Referral Centers in New South Wales, Australia.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to report the epidemiology, etiology, microbiologic profile and management of pediatric microbial keratitis in a quaternary and 3 tertiary ophthalmic referral centers across Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients ≤ 18 years of age with a clinical diagnosis of microbial keratitis presenting between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2016 identified from hospital coding and pathology databases. Data were extracted from the medical records.

Microbial keratitis in Sydney, Australia: risk factors, patient outcomes, and seasonal variation.

Purpose: To provide recent data on patient demographics, clinical profile and outcomes of patients with microbial keratitis over a 5-year period at the Sydney Eye Hospital, and to identify seasonal variations of the main causative organisms.

Method: A retrospective study of patients with a clinical diagnosis of microbial keratitis and corneal scrape performed between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2016. Clinical information was gathered from medical records and pathology data.

Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of Treatment Guidelines for Herpes Simplex Keratitis in Sydney, Australia.

Purpose: To develop and measure the uptake of a local guideline for herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) and to standardize initial antiviral therapy in Australia.

Methods: The Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario Toolkit: "Implementation of Best Practice Guidelines" was used to develop, implement, and evaluate the guideline at Sydney Eye Hospital. An implementation team was established to reach consensus on antiviral therapy guidelines through review of available evidence, identifying stakeholders, facilitators and barriers, creating strategies for implementation, and developing a sustainability plan.

Antimicrobial resistance trends in bacterial keratitis over 5 years in Sydney, Australia.

Importance: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns in bacterial keratitis may fluctuate in a geographic location over time.

Background: To investigate any change in AMR patterns in Sydney, Australia.

Design: Retrospective case series.

The clinical and microbiological features and outcomes of fungal keratitis over 9 years in Sydney, Australia.

To describe the clinical features, management and outcomes in patients with fungal keratitis at the Sydney Eye Hospital, Australia, over a 9-year period to guide appropriate initial therapy. A retrospective case review was conducted. Patients diagnosed with fungal keratitis from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2017 were identified from hospital coding and pathology databases.