Vaccination in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

In this review, we described the history of vaccination, the different types of vaccines, and how vaccination coverage has been affected by the current COVID-19 pandemic. The effectiveness of the vaccines under metabolic host conditions is analyzed, especially when people have lost their immunocompetence, such as in patients with chronic kidney disease who are in dialysis treatment. Vaccines are produced in a variety of industrial methods, modifying costs.