Comprehensive Observational and Longitudinal study on the Outbreak of Stroke-related Spasticity focusing on the Early Onset management with Botulinum NeuroToxin (COLOSSEO-BoNT): protocol for a real-world prospective observational study on upper limb spasticity.

Introduction: Poststroke spasticity (PSS) affects up to 40% of patients who had a stroke. Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A) has been shown to improve spasticity, but the optimal timing of its application remains unclear. While several predictors of upper limb PSS are known, their utility in clinical practice in relation to BoNT-A treatment has yet to be fully elucidated.

Combined effects of 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid and oxaliplatin on the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen in human colon cancer cells: pharmacological basis to develop an active antitumor immunochemotherapy.

Background: Five-fluorouracil (FU), mainly associated with leucovorin (L), plays an essential role in chemotherapy of colorectal carcinoma. Moreover, FU +/- L has been found to increase the expression of tumor-associated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), that may be an important target in therapeutic protocols of active specific immunotherapy. FU + L (FUL) are frequently combined with oxaliplatin (OXA) in advanced colon cancer patients.

Drug-induced increase of carcinoembryonic antigen expression in cancer cells.

Most of gastrointestinal, breast and lung cancer cells express carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Therefore, this protein represents a suitable target for innovative diagnostic and immunotherapeutic strategies of various tumours. Presently CEA can be involved in three main approaches concerning cancer detection and therapy, i.

Residual telomerase activity: a marker of cell survival after exposure to gamma radiation in vitro.

Background: Residual telomerase activity (TA) could be used as a marker of malignant or normal cell survival after exposure to cytotoxic agents. Therefore TA after treatment with ionizing radiation was used in a radiosensitivity assay.

Materials And Methods: Radiosensitive MOLT-4 and relatively radioresistant Jurkat leukemia cells or normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) were irradiated with 5-160 Gy.