Prevalence of Vitamin D Insufficiency and Its Determinants among Women Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization Treatment for Infertility in Sweden.

There is a lack of research on women with infertility in the northern latitudes, where vitamin D insufficiency is high. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of vitamin D insufficiency (serum 25(OH)D concentration < 50 nmol/L) among women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. Thus, 265 women scheduled for IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) between September 2020 and August 2021 at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden, were included.

Late Pregnancy Vitamin D Deficiency is Associated with Doubled Odds of Birth Asphyxia and Emergency Caesarean Section: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the associations between maternal vitamin D status in late pregnancy and emergency caesarean section (EMCS) and birth asphyxia, in a population based sample of women in Sweden.

Methods: Pregnant women were recruited at the antenatal care in Sweden and 1832 women were included after exclusion of miscarriages, terminated pregnancies and missing data on vitamin D status. Mode of delivery was retrieved from medical records.

Mast cell involvement in human cervical ripening.

Objective: Cervical ripening resembles an inflammatory process in many aspects, involving invasion of inflammatory cells, collagen breakdown and remodelling of the extracellular matrix. Mast cells produce a variety of inflammatory agents and are attributed a functional role in cervical ripening. The aim of this study was to examine if cervical mast cells are increased in number and stimulated during pregnancy.

The association between selected mid-trimester amniotic fluid candidate proteins and spontaneous preterm delivery.

The aim of this study was to explore inflammatory response and identify early potential biomarkers in mid-trimester amniotic fluid associated with subsequent spontaneous preterm delivery (PTD). A cohort study was performed at Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Gothenburg, Sweden, between 2008 and 2010. Amniotic fluid was collected from consecutive women undergoing mid-trimester transabdominal genetic amniocentesis at 14-19 gestational weeks.

Low Prevalence of Active Tuberculosis among High-Risk Pregnant and Postpartum Women in Sweden: A Retrospective Epidemiological Cohort Study Using and Evaluating TST as Screening Method.

Objective: Studies on the prevalence of active tuberculosis (TB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among high-risk pregnant and postpartum women are few and prevalence is not well known. The methods used for diagnosing and treating TB and LTBI also differ both within and between countries. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of TB and LTBI among high-risk pregnant and postpartum women in a Western Region of Sweden using tuberculin skin test (TST) as screening method.

Magnesium Supplementation and Blood Pressure in Pregnancy: A Double-Blind Randomized Multicenter Study.

Objective: To investigate the effect of magnesium (Mg) supplementation in healthy pregnant women for prevention of blood pressure increase. Secondary outcomes were comparison of biomarkers for hypertensive disorders and labour and fetal outcomes between the groups.

Methods: Two hundred nulliparous healthy pregnant women were double-blind randomized to receive Mg daily or placebo.

Trajectory of vitamin D status during pregnancy in relation to neonatal birth size and fetal survival: a prospective cohort study.

Background: We investigated the associations between vitamin D status in early and late pregnancy with neonatal small for gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW) and preterm delivery. Furthermore, associations between vitamin D status and pregnancy loss were studied.

Methods: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was sampled in gestational week ≤ 16 (trimester 1 (T1), N = 2046) and > 31 (trimester 3 (T3), N = 1816) and analysed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

Sociodemographic factors associated with dietary supplement use in early pregnancy in a Swedish cohort.

Sociodemographic factors have been associated with dietary supplement use among pregnant women but few data exist in a Swedish population. This study aimed to identify factors associated with overall supplement use as well as use of folic acid, vitamin D and n-3 in early pregnancy. Women in the first trimester of pregnancy were included at registration to the antenatal care in 2013-2014 (n 2109).

A Case of Chronic Ectopic Pregnancy Manifested by Rectal Bleeding.

Ectopic pregnancy resulting in perforation of the rectum and rectal bleeding is clinically rare. We report an extremely rare case of chronic ectopic pregnancy with decreasing low levels of serum -HCG resulting in rectal bleeding. A 31-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 3, with moderate abdominal pain and rectal bleeding was diagnosed with a tubal pregnancy.

Vitamin D Status during Pregnancy in a Multi-Ethnic Population-Representative Swedish Cohort.

There is currently little information on changes in vitamin D status during pregnancy and its predictors. The aim was to study the determinants of change in vitamin D status during pregnancy and of vitamin D deficiency (<30 nmol/L) in early pregnancy. Blood was drawn in the first (T1) and third trimester (T3).

Proteomic Analysis of Early Mid-Trimester Amniotic Fluid Does Not Predict Spontaneous Preterm Delivery.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify early proteomic biomarkers of spontaneous preterm delivery (PTD) in mid-trimester amniotic fluid from asymptomatic women.

Methods: This is a case-cohort study. Amniotic fluid from mid-trimester genetic amniocentesis (14-19 weeks of gestation) was collected from 2008 to 2011.

Preeclampsia and Blood Pressure Trajectory during Pregnancy in Relation to Vitamin D Status.

Every tenth pregnancy is affected by hypertension, one of the most common complications and leading causes of maternal death worldwide. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy include pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia. The pathophysiology of the development of hypertension in pregnancy is unknown, but studies suggest an association with vitamin D status, measured as 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D).

Study protocol of SWEPIS a Swedish multicentre register based randomised controlled trial to compare induction of labour at 41 completed gestational weeks versus expectant management and induction at 42 completed gestational weeks.

Background: Observational data shows that postterm pregnancy (≥42 gestational weeks, GW) and late term pregnancy (≥41 GW), as compared to term pregnancy, is associated with an increased risk for adverse outcome for the mother and infant. Standard care in many countries is induction of labour at 42 GW. There is insufficient scientific support that induction of labour at 41 GW, as compared with expectant management and induction at 42 GW will reduce perinatal mortality and morbidity without an increase in operative deliveries, negative delivery experiences or higher costs.

Diastolic blood pressure increase is a risk indicator for pre-eclampsia.

Objectives: A previous study demonstrated that the increase in diastolic blood pressure during pregnancy was reduced by supplementation with magnesium. The present study was undertaken to explore if increases in diastolic blood pressure could be useful for early identification of pre-eclampsia.

Study Design: Hospital records of nulliparous, singleton normal pregnancies (n = 100) and those diagnosed with pre-eclampsia (n = 109) were obtained from a register at an antenatal health care unit.

Faecal incontinence 20 years after one birth: a comparison between vaginal delivery and caesarean section.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The aetiology of bowel incontinence in middle-aged women is multifactorial and the contribution of birth-related factors later in life is still poorly defined. The aim was to assess prevalence, risk factors and severity of faecal (FI, defined as the involuntary loss of faeces-solid or liquid) and anal incontinence (AI, includes FI as well as the involuntary loss of flatus) 20 years after one vaginal (VD) or one caesarean section (CS).

Methods: This was a registry-based national cohort study of primiparae giving birth in 1985-1988 and having no further births (n = 5,236).

Blood pressure in pregnancy and magnesium sensitive genes.

Objectives: High blood pressure during the last part of pregnancy is a risk indicator of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia which augment infant and maternal morbidity and mortality. Magnesium deficiency has been related to the risk of hypertension. A study was performed to assess the relation between pregnancy induced hypertension, excretion of urinary magnesium and expression of magnesium sensitive genes (MgSG).

Real-time PCR-assay in the delivery suite for determination of group B streptococcal colonization in a setting with risk-based antibiotic prophylaxis.

Objective: Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) reduces the incidence of neonatal early onset group B streptococcal infections. The present study investigated if an automated PCR-assay, used bedside by the labor ward personnel was manageable and could decrease the use of IAP in a setting with a risk-based IAP strategy.

Methods: The study comprises two phases.

Magnesium supplementation to prevent high blood pressure in pregnancy: a randomised placebo control trial.

Purpose: To assess if hypertension during the last part of pregnancy could be prevented by magnesium supplementation.

Methods: Pregnant primagravida women from a local antenatal care unit were given an oral supply of 300 mg magnesium as citrate or placebo from pregnancy week 25 in a randomised double-blind setup. Blood pressure was recorded during pregnancy as well as pregnancy outcome.

Nitroglycerin for management of retained placenta: a multicenter study.

The primary aim was to determine if sequential administration of oxytocin and nitroglycerin is effective for management of retained placenta when performed by obstetricians with no experience of the method. Secondary aims were to examine possible adverse effects of nitroglycerin. One hundred and five women with retained placenta were randomly selected to receive either 1 mg nitroglycerin or placebo tablets sublingually if intravenous oxytocin had failed to expel the placenta.

Sublingual nitroglycerin seems to be effective in the management of retained placenta.

Background: A common approach in the management of retained placenta is administration of oxytocin followed by controlled cord traction. Previously it has also been demonstrated that intravenously administered nitroglycerin facilitates manual extraction of retained placenta. The purpose of the present trial was to examine the success rate and safety of sequential administration of intravenous oxytocin in combination with sublingual nitroglycerin for the delivery of retained placenta.

Outpatient vaginal administration of the nitric oxide donor isosorbide mononitrate for cervical ripening and labor induction postterm: a randomized controlled study.

Objective: Our aim was to examine the efficacy, safety, and acceptability of isosorbide mononitrate for cervical ripening and labor induction in women in an outpatient setting.

Study Design: Two hundred pregnant women of at least 42 weeks' gestation with an unripe cervix were randomly selected to receive vaginally either 40 mg isosorbide mononitrate or placebo tablets.

Results: Twenty-two women treated with isosorbide mononitrate went into labor within 24 hours compared to 8 women in the placebo group (P < .

Vaginal administration of the nitric oxide donor isosorbide mononitrate for cervical ripening at term: a randomized controlled study.

Objective: Our aim was to examine the effect of the nitric oxide donor isosorbide mononitrate on the uterine cervix at term and to evaluate possible adverse effects of this treatment.

Study Design: Term pregnant women were randomly selected to receive either 40 mg vaginally administered isosorbide mononitrate or placebo 4 hours before elective cesarean section. Cervical status, maternal blood pressure, maternal pulse rate, fetal heart rate, umbilical arterial Doppler indices, and various side effects were examined.