Correction: Brandão et al. Genotoxicity and Gene Expression in the Rat Lung Tissue following Instillation and Inhalation of Different Variants of Amorphous Silica Nanomaterials (aSiO NM). 2021, , 1502.

In the original publication [...

APAtizer: a tool for alternative polyadenylation analysis of RNA-Seq data.

Summary: APAtizer is a tool designed to analyze alternative polyadenylation events on RNA-sequencing data. The tool handles different file formats, including BAM, htseq, and DaPars bedGraph files. It provides a user-friendly interface that allows users to generate informative visualizations, including Volcano plots, heatmaps, and gene lists.

A comprehensive analysis of digital health-focused Living Labs: innovative approaches to dementia.

The increasing prevalence of dementia demands innovative solutions; however, existing technological products often lack tailored support for individuals living with this condition. The Living Lab approach, as a collaborative innovation method, holds promise in addressing this issue by actively involving end-users in the design and development of solutions adapted to their needs. Despite this potential, the approach still faces challenges due to its lack of recognition as a research methodology and its absence of tailored guidelines, particularly in dementia care, prompting inquiries into its effectiveness.

Genomic approachesidentifySTT4 as a new component in glucose-induced activation of yeast plasma membrane H-ATPase.

Many studies have focused on identifying the signaling pathway by which addition of glucose triggers post-translational activation of the plasma membrane H-ATPase in yeast. They have revealed that calcium signaling is involved in the regulatory pathway, supported for instance by the phenotype of mutants inARG82 that encodes an inositol kinase that phosphorylates inositol triphosphate (IP). Strong glucose-induced calcium signaling, and high glucose-induced plasma membrane H-ATPase activation have been observed in a specific yeast strain with the PJ genetic background.

Firefighters' personal exposure to gaseous PAHs during controlled forest fires: A case study with estimation of respiratory health risks and in vitro toxicity.

Firefighters are daily exposed to adverse health-hazardous pollutants. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), well known endocrine disruptors with carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic properties, are among the most relevant pollutants. The characterization of firefighters' occupational exposure to airborne PAHs remains limited; information is scarce for European firefighters.

Multiparametric genotoxicity assessment of different variants of amorphous silica nanomaterials in rat alveolar epithelial cells.

The hazard posed to human health by inhaled amorphous silica nanomaterials (aSiO NM) remains uncertain. Herein, we assessed the cyto- and genotoxicity of aSiO NM variants covering different sizes (7, 15, and 40 nm) and surface modifications (unmodified, phosphonate-, amino- and trimethylsilyl-modified) on rat alveolar epithelial (RLE-6TN) cells. Cytotoxicity was evaluated at 24 h after exposure to the aSiO NM variants by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and WST-1 reduction assays, while genotoxicity was assessed using different endpoints: DNA damage (single- and double-strand breaks [SSB and DSB]) by the comet assay for all aSiO NM variants; cell cycle progression and γ-H2AX levels (DSB) by flow cytometry for those variants that presented higher cytotoxic and DNA damaging potential.

Indicators to evaluate quality of care in head and neck cancer in Spain.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a set of criteria and indicators to evaluate the quality of care of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC).

Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify valuable criteria/indicators for the assessment of the quality of care in HNC. With the aid of a technical group, a scientific committee of oncologists specialised in HNC used selected criteria to propose indicators that were evaluated with a two-round Delphi method.

In vitro data for fire pollutants: contribution of studies using human cell models towards firefighters' occupational.

Firefighters are the principal line of defense against fires, being at elevated risk of exposure to health-relevant pollutants released during fires and burning processes. Although many biomonitoring studies exist, only a limited number of human investigations in fire risk assessment are currently available. studies stand out as valuable tools to assess the toxicity mechanisms involved following exposure to fire pollutants at a cellular level.

Assessing the toxicity of airborne (nano)particles to the human respiratory system: from basic to advanced models.

Several studies have been conducted to address the potential adverse health risks attributed to exposure to nanoscale materials. While studies are fundamental for identifying the relationship between dose and occurrence of adverse effects, model systems provide important information regarding the mechanism(s) of action at the molecular level. With a special focus on exposure to inhaled (nano)particulate material toxicity assessment, this review provides an overview of the available human respiratory models and exposure systems for testing, advantages, limitations, and existing investigations using models of different complexity.

Unveiling the Toxicity of Fine and Nano-Sized Airborne Particles Generated from Industrial Thermal Spraying Processes in Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells.

High-energy industrial processes have been associated with particle release into workplace air that can adversely affect workers' health. The present study assessed the toxicity of incidental fine (PGFP) and nanoparticles (PGNP) emitted from atmospheric plasma (APS) and high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio]-1,3-benzene disulfonate (WST-1) metabolisation, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, cell cycle changes, histone H2AX phosphorylation (γ-H2AX) and DNA damage were evaluated in human alveolar epithelial cells at 24 h after exposure.

Afghan children and adolescents: The burden of poor mental health in contexts of widespread poverty, social inequality and persistent violence.

In Afghanistan, the burden of poor mental health arises in contexts of widespread poverty, social inequality, and persistent violence. Generations of Afghans were born during the conflict, and some never knew peace. Children make up more than half (57%) of the population in need of emergency humanitarian assistance in Afghanistan.

In Vitro Cyto- and Genotoxicity Assessment of Antibacterial Paints with Triclosan and Isoborneol.

Surfaces with antimicrobial properties are gaining notoriety as an efficient method to avoid surface contamination. Self-disinfecting paints are a promising strategy towards cleaner indoor environments by preventing the colonization of walls with microorganisms. However, its widespread use needs an appropriate toxicological safety evaluation due to the potential for biological disturbance associated to its biocidal activity.

"Between the cross and the sword": Brazilian children face an influenza epidemic while still dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Influenza activity remained at inter-seasonal levels; however, influenza A(H3N2) detections continue to increase in Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Most of the activity and rising trend of A(H3N2) detections are recorded in Brazil. A bulletin issued by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) reported significant presence of the influenza A virus, both in children and in the adult population, among cases of SARS-Cov-2.

Toxicity of Industrially Relevant Engineered Nanoparticles in Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells: Air-Liquid Interface Submerged Cultures.

Diverse industries have already incorporated within their production processes engineered nanoparticles (ENP), increasing the potential risk of worker inhalation exposure. models have been widely used to investigate ENP toxicity. Air-liquid interface (ALI) cell cultures have been emerging as a valuable alternative to submerged cultures as they are more representative of the inhalation exposure to airborne nano-sized particles.

Cutaneous Infection: A Challenge for an Internist.

Unlabelled: Cutaneous infections caused by the complex show a heterogeneous clinical presentation, which varies according to the patient's immune status. Most standard antimycobacterials have no effect against these species. Clarithromycin alone was shown to provide adequate treatment, although resistance has been reported.

Genotoxicity and Gene Expression in the Rat Lung Tissue following Instillation and Inhalation of Different Variants of Amorphous Silica Nanomaterials (aSiO NM).

Several reports on amorphous silica nanomaterial (aSiO NM) toxicity have been questioning their safety. Herein, we investigated the in vivo pulmonary toxicity of four variants of aSiO NM: SiO_15_Unmod, SiO_15_Amino, SiO_7 and SiO_40. We focused on alterations in lung DNA and protein integrity, and gene expression following single intratracheal instillation in rats.

Toxicity assessment of industrial engineered and airborne process-generated nanoparticles in a 3D human airway epithelial model.

The advanced ceramic technology has been pointed out as a potentially relevant case of occupational exposure to nanoparticles (NP). Not only when nanoscale powders are being used for production, but also in the high-temperature processing of ceramic materials there is also a high potential for NP release into the workplace environment. toxicity of engineered NP (ENP) [antimony tin oxide (SbO•SnO; ATO); zirconium oxide (ZrO)], as well as process-generated NP (PGNP), and fine particles (PGFP), was assessed in MucilAir™ cultures at air-liquid interface (ALI).

Nanoparticle exposure and hazard in the ceramic industry: an overview of potential sources, toxicity and health effects.

The ceramic industry is an industrial sector of great impact in the global economy that has been benefiting from advances in materials and processing technologies. Ceramic manufacturing has a strong potential for airborne particle formation and emission, namely of ultrafine particles (UFP) and nanoparticles (NP), meaning that workers of those industries are at risk of potential exposure to these particles. At present, little is known on the impact of engineered nanoparticles (ENP) on the environment and human health and no established Occupational Exposure Limits (OEL) or specific regulations to airborne nanoparticles (ANP) exposure exist raising concerns about the possible consequences of such exposure.

Unravelling the Potential Cytotoxic Effects of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Metal(Loid) Mixtures on A549 Human Cell Line.

Humans are typically exposed to environmental contaminants' mixtures that result in different toxicity than exposure to the individual counterparts. Yet, the toxicology of chemical mixtures has been overlooked. This work aims at assessing and comparing viability and cell cycle of A549 cells after exposure to single and binary mixtures of: titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiONP) 0.

Genotoxicity of TiO Nanoparticles in Four Different Human Cell Lines (A549, HEPG2, A172 and SH-SY5Y).

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs) have a wide variety of applications in many consumer products, including as food additives, increasing the concern about the possible hazards that TiO NPs may pose to human health. Although most previous studies have focused on the respiratory system, ingestion must also be considered as an important exposure route. Furthermore, after inhalation or ingestion, TiO NPs can reach several organs, such as the liver, brain or lungs.

Assessment of oxidative damage induced by iron oxide nanoparticles on different nervous system cells.

Iron oxide nanoparticles (ION) have received much attention for their utility in biomedical applications, such as magnetic resonance imaging, drug delivery and hyperthermia, but concerns regarding their potential harmful effects are also growing. Even though ION may induce different toxic effects in a wide variety of cell types and animal systems, there is a notable lack of toxicological data on the human nervous system, particularly important given the increasing number of applications on this specific system. An important mechanism of nanotoxicity is reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and oxidative stress.

Optimization of the harvesting and freezing conditions of human cell lines for DNA damage analysis by the alkaline comet assay.

The comet assay is a commonly used method for in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity assessment. This versatile assay can be performed in a wide range of tissues and cell types. Although most of the studies use samples immediately processed after collection, frozen biological samples can also be used.

Characterization of Adolescent Pregnancy and Legal Abortion in Situations Involving Incest or Sexual Violence by an Unknown Aggressor.

In pregnancies resulting from incest, the adolescent maintains close family and emotional relations with the aggressor, different from what occurs when pregnancy results from sexual violence by strangers. Evidence indicates that this type of relationship with the aggressor may interfere in the dynamics of such violence and the adolescent's access to health services. The objective of this research was to describe and correlate aspects associated with pregnancy when resulting from rape of adolescents in situations of incest; rape when perpetrated by an unknown aggressor and an abortion as allowed by law was sought.