Detecting Artificial Intelligence-Generated Versus Human-Written Medical Student Essays: Semirandomized Controlled Study.

Background: Large language models, exemplified by ChatGPT, have reached a level of sophistication that makes distinguishing between human- and artificial intelligence (AI)-generated texts increasingly challenging. This has raised concerns in academia, particularly in medicine, where the accuracy and authenticity of written work are paramount.

Objective: This semirandomized controlled study aims to examine the ability of 2 blinded expert groups with different levels of content familiarity-medical professionals and humanities scholars with expertise in textual analysis-to distinguish between longer scientific texts in German written by medical students and those generated by ChatGPT.

Community-associated Clostridioides difficile infection in a general hospital from Argentina.

Toxin-producing Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea. However, it is now recognized as a cause of diarrhea in the community. This single-center study aimed to determine the epidemiological origin of CDI cases between January 2014 and December 2019 and to compare demographic characteristics, comorbidities, risk factors, severity, and mortality of community CDI with healthcare facility-associated CDI.

Changing epidemiology of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Argentina: Emergence of hypermucoviscous ST25 and high-risk clone ST307.

Objectives: To assess the epidemiological features of 76 Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) isolates recovered from three hospitals in Buenos Aires, Argentina, during 2015-2017.

Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined according to CLSI Clinical and Laboratoy Standards guidelines. Molecular typing of KPC-Kp was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)-Xbal and multilocus sequence typing.

Detection and molecular characterization of Clostridium difficile ST 1 in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Thirty one C. difficile isolates recovered in 2015 were characterized. Nineteen/31 were positive for tcdA/B, among them, 4 isolates were also positive for CDT coding genes.

Hypothesis That Urethral Bulb (Corpus Spongiosum) Plays an Active Role in Male Urinary Continence.

The proximal urethral bulb in men is enlarged, surrounds the bulbous urethra, and extends dorsally towards the perineum. During intercourse engorgement takes place due to increased blood flow through the corpus spongiosum. Antegrade ejaculation is facilitated by contraction of the bulbospongiosus muscles during climax.

Pharmacodynamic assessment of Amoxicillin-Sulbactam against Acinetobacter baumannii: searching the optimal dose and infusion time through a human ex-vivo model.

Amoxicillin-sulbactam (AMX-SUL) is an aminopenicillin/ss-lactamase inhibitor combination currently available in 29 countries and may be a suitable option for treating infections caused by Acinetobacter spp. Thus, we sought to search the optimal dosing strategy for this formulation through an ex vivo pharmacodynamic human model against Acinetobacter baumanniii. Four volunteers were randomized to receive alternatively a single dose AMX-SUL infused both either over 30 min or 3h at the following ratios (g/g): 1/0.

Early adoption modifies the effects of prenatal stress on dopamine and glutamate receptors in adult rat brain.

Stressful stimuli during pregnancy induce complex effects that influence the development of offspring. These effects can be prevented by environmental manipulations during the early postnatal period. Repeated restraint during the last week of pregnancy was used as a model of prenatal stress, and adoption at birth was used to change the postnatal environment.

Long-term effects of prenatal stress on dopamine and glutamate receptors in adult rat brain.

Prenatal stress greatly influences the ability of an individual to manage stressful events in adulthood. Such vulnerability may result from abnormalities in the development and integration of forebrain dopaminergic and glutamatergic projections during the prenatal period. In this study, we assessed the effects of prenatal stress on the expression of selective dopamine and glutamate receptor subtypes in the adult offsprings of rats subjected to repeated restraint stress during the last week of pregnancy.