Putting gluten back on menu - Safety assessment of polyphenol-rich wheat varieties in Celiac Disease.

This study provides a comprehensive proteomic and metabolomic analysis of novel anthocyanin- and carotenoid-rich wheat varieties to assess their immunogenicity in the context of Celiac Disease. Using (semi)-quantitative mass spectrometry, the research found that gliadin expression and peptide release, particularly those containing immunostimulatory γ-gliadin epitopes, vary significantly across different wheat varieties. While non-targeted mass spectrometry provided valuable insights, the study acknowledged potential methodological biases, such limitations of ion current intensity as a measure of peptide abundance.

Uniparental disomy (UPD) exclusion in embryos following Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Structural Rearrangements (PGT-SR).

Purpose: Uniparental disomy (UPD) is a genetic condition which both copies of a chromosome are inherited from a single parent, potentially leading to imprinting disorders. This study aimed to assess the integration of Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis into Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Structural Rearrangements (PGT-SR) to assess UPD risk and its impact on selecting euploid embryos for embryo transfer in couples with chromosomal translocations involving imprinted chromosomes.

Methods: This study evaluated three couples carrying balanced chromosomal translocations: 45,XX,der(13;14)(q10;q10), 46,XX,t(10;11)(q22;q13), and 45,XY,der(14;15)(q10;q10).

Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Celiac Disease and Diabetes: Focus on the Intestinal Mucosa.

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are a family of enzymes essential for numerous cellular processes, such as cell growth, inflammation, differentiation, immune-mediated responses and oncogenic transformation. The aim of this review is to review the literature concerning the role of several PTPs-PTPN22, PTPN2, PTPN6, PTPN11, PTPσ, DUSP2, DUSP6 and PTPRK-at the level of the intestinal mucosa in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), celiac disease (CeD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) in both in vitro and in vivo models. The results revealed shared features, at the level of the intestinal mucosa, between these diseases characterized by alterations of different biological processes, such as proliferation, autoimmunity, cell death, autophagy and inflammation.

Clinical Efficacy of Isatuximab Plus Carfilzomib and Dexamethasone in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Patients.

Isatuximab, a novel anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, is approved in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone (Isa-Kd) in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients. Because of its recent introduction, real-world efficacy and safety are poorly reported. In this Italian multicenter real-life observational retrospective study, efficacy and safety of the Isa-Kd regimen were evaluated in a cohort of 103 RRMM patients.

Bioactivity of Amphidinol-Containing Extracts of Amphidinium carterae Grown Under Varying Cultivation Conditions.

Microalgae are of great interest due to their ability to produce valuable compounds, such as pigments, omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and antimicrobials. The dinoflagellate genus Amphidinium is particularly notable for its amphidinol-like compounds, which exhibit antibacterial and antifungal properties. This study utilized a two-stage cultivation method to grow Amphidinium carterae CCAP 1102/8 under varying conditions, such as blue LED light, increased salinity, and the addition of sodium carbonate or hydrogen peroxide.

A Second Wind for Inorganic APIs: Leishmanicidal and Antileukemic Activity of Hydrated Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles.

American cutaneous leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. Currently, meglumine antimoniate is the first-choice treatment for the disease. The limited efficacy and high toxicity of the drug results in the necessity to search for new active principles.

Preoperative Echocardiographic Unknown Valvopathy Evaluation in Elderly Patients Undergoing Neuraxial Anesthesia during Major Orthopedic Surgery: A Mono-Centric Retrospective Study.

The assessment of cardiac risk is challenging for elderly patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery with preoperative functional limitations. Currently, no specific cardiac risk scores are available for these critical patients. Echocardiography may be a reliable and safe instrument for assessing cardiac risks in this population.

Mass spectrometry-based quantification of immunostimulatory gliadin proteins and peptides in coloured wheat varieties: Implications for Celiac Disease.

Pigmented wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum spp.) are getting increasingly popular in modern nutrition and thoroughly researched for their functional and nutraceutical value. The colour of these wheat grains is caused by the expression of natural pigments, including carotenoids and anthocyanins, that can be restricted to either the endosperm, pericarp and/or aleurone layers.

Impact of Ultrasound-Assisted Method on Success Rate of Spinal Anesthesia Performed by Novice Trainees: A Retrospective Comparative Study.

In current practice, single-shot spinal anesthesia has traditionally been performed using the conventional surface-anatomic-Landmark-Guided technique. This "blind" technique has significant critical issues such as a high risk of complications due to the numerous attempts at spinal needle placement and the negative impact on the learning curve of the trainees. Ultrasound-Assisted spinal anesthesia could reduce these critical issues and allow trainees to perform the procedure more easily and with fewer complications for the patient.

The Twenty-Five Most Cited Articles About Adductor Canal Block: A Bibliometric Analysis from 1980 to 2022.

Introduction: Loco-regional anesthesia role is increasingly important in surgery, especially in postoperative pain control. Using ultrasound-guided techniques has made the loco-regional approach increasingly safe and manageable, guaranteeing excellent analgesic results and patient compliance. This bibliometric research aimed to identify the most influential papers on the adductor canal blocks and outline their characteristics.

The protective role of GG postbiotic on the alteration of autophagy and inflammation pathways induced by gliadin in intestinal models.

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy caused by an abnormal immune response to gliadin peptides in genetically predisposed individuals. For people with CD, the only available therapy thus far is the lifelong necessity for a gluten-free diet (GFD). Innovative therapies include probiotics and postbiotics as dietary supplements, both of which may benefit the host.

Peculiar Ca Homeostasis, ER Stress, Autophagy, and TG2 Modulation in Celiac Disease Patient-Derived Cells.

Celiac disease (CD) is an inflammatory intestinal disease caused by the ingestion of gluten-containing cereals by genetically predisposed individuals. Constitutive differences between cells from CD patients and control subjects, including levels of protein phosphorylation, alterations of vesicular trafficking, and regulation of type 2 transglutaminase (TG2), have been reported. In the present work, we investigated how skin-derived fibroblasts from CD and control subjects responded to thapsigargin, an endoplasmic reticulum ER stress inducer, in an attempt to contribute to the comprehension of molecular features of the CD cellular phenotype.

PTPRK, an EGFR Phosphatase, Is Decreased in CeD Biopsies and Intestinal Organoids.

Background & Aims: Celiac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered in genetically susceptible (HLA-DQ2/8) individuals by a group of wheat proteins and related prolamins from cereals. The celiac intestine is characterized by an inversion of the differentiation/proliferation program of the enterocytes, with an increase in the proliferative compartment and crypt hyperplasia, which are the mechanisms that regulate the increased proliferation in CeD that arenot completely understood.The aim of this study is to understand the role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type K (PTPRK), a nodal phosphatase that regulates EGFR activation in the proliferation of the enterocytes from CeD biopsies and organoids.

Sufentanil vs. Dexmedetomidine as Neuraxial Adjuvants in Cesarean Section: A Mono-Centric Retrospective Comparative Study.

Spinal anesthesia is the best choice for caesarean delivery. This technique is characterized by a complete and predictable nerve block with a fast onset and few complications. Several intrathecal adjuvants are used in order to improve the quality and duration of anesthesia and reduce its side effects.

Modulation of the metabolite content of the unicellular rhodophyte Porphyridium purpureum using a 2-stage cultivation approach and chemical stressors.

There have been growing interests in microalgal biotechnology for the biorefining of bioactive compounds such as carotenoid pigments, ω-3 fatty acids, antioxidants or antimicrobials for sectoral applications in the pharmacology, nutraceutical and cosmetic fields. This study focused on the unicellular marine rhodophyte Porphyridium purpureum CCAP 1380/1 A, which was cultivated via a two-stage batch growth mode for 10 days using hydrogen peroxide (HO), the phytohormone methyl jasmonate (MJ) and three plant extracts (Passiflora incarnata, Panax ginseng and Valeriana officinalis). The microalgal biomass was then analysed for its protein, phycoerythtin, carbohydrate and pigment composition together with its pigment content and antioxidant activity.

Cold stress combined with salt or abscisic acid supplementation enhances lipogenesis and carotenogenesis in Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyceae).

Compounds from microalgae such as ω3-fatty acids or carotenoid are commercially exploited within the pharmacology, nutraceutical, or cosmetic sectors. The co-stimulation of several compounds of interest may improve the cost-effectiveness of microalgal biorefinery pipelines. This study focussed on Phaeodactylum tricornutum to investigate the effects on lipogenesis and carotenogenesis of combined stressors, here cold temperature and addition of NaCl salt or the phytohormone abscisic acid, using a two-stage cultivation strategy.

Reducing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Using the Targeted Solution Tool: A Quality Improvement Project.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is a worldwide urgent health problem. Hand hygiene (HH) is an effective intervention to reduce the spread of CRE.

Local Problem: In 2017, an increase in the rate of health care-associated (HA) CRE colonization was observed in a large multiorgan transplant center in Italy.

Influence of exogenous phytohormone supplementation on the pigment and fatty acid content of three marine diatoms.

Diatoms are ubiquitous photosynthetic microorganisms with great potential for biotechnological applications. However, their commercialisation is hampered by production costs, requiring hence optimisation of cultivation methods. Phytohormones are plant growth regulators which may be used to influence physiological processes in microalgae, including diatoms.

Pivotal Role of Inflammation in Celiac Disease.

Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered in genetically susceptible individuals by gluten-containing cereals. A central role in the pathogenesis of CD is played by the HLA-restricted gliadin-specific intestinal T cell response generated in a pro-inflammatory environment. The mechanisms that generate this pro-inflammatory environment in CD is now starting to be addressed.

Pro-Inflammatory Nutrient: Focus on Gliadin and Celiac Disease.

Ingested food can cause tissue inflammation through different mechanisms [...

Antioxidant Activity and Carotenoid Content Responses of Three Haematococcus sp. (Chlorophyta) Strains Exposed to Multiple Stressors.

There has been increasing demands worldwide for bioactive compounds of natural origins, especially for the nutraceutical and food-supplement sectors. In this context, microalgae are viewed as sustainable sources of molecules with an array of health benefits. For instance, astaxanthin is a xanthophyll pigment with powerful antioxidant capacity produced by microalgae such as the chlorophyte Haematococcus sp.

Gliadin Peptide P31-43 Induces mTOR/NFkβ Activation and Reduces Autophagy: The Role of CBA L74 Postbiotc.

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease characterized by an altered immune response stimulated by gliadin peptides that are not digested and cause damage to the intestinal mucosa. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the postbiotic (LP) could prevent the action of gliadin peptides on mTOR, autophagy, and the inflammatory response. Most of the experiments performed were conducted on intestinal epithelial cells Caco-2 treated with a peptic-tryptic digest of gliadin (PTG) and P31-43.

Inflammation Is Present, Persistent and More Sensitive to Proinflammatory Triggers in Celiac Disease Enterocytes.

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by a genetic predisposition to an abnormal T cell-mediated immune response to the gluten in the diet. Different environmental proinflammatory factors can influence and amplify the T cell-mediated response to gluten. The aim of this manuscript was to study the role of enterocytes in CD intestinal inflammation and their response to different proinflammatory factors, such as gliadin and viruses.

A Small Peptide Targeting the Ligand-Induced Androgen Receptor/Filamin a Interaction Inhibits the Invasive Phenotype of Prostate Cancer Cells.

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most widespread malignancies among males worldwide. The androgen receptor (AR) plays a major role in prostate cancer development and progression and is the main target of PC therapy. Nonetheless, its action is not yet fully elucidated.

Antibacterial Activity and Amphidinol Profiling of the Marine Dinoflagellate (Subclade III).

Microalgae have received growing interest for their capacity to produce bioactive metabolites. This study aimed at characterising the antimicrobial potential of the marine dinoflagellate strain LACW11, isolated from the west of Ireland. Amphidinolides have been identified as cytotoxic polyoxygenated polyketides produced by several species.