Regional MRI volumetry using NeuroQuant versus visual rating scales in patients with cognitive impairment and dementia.

Background And Purpose: The aims were to compare the novel regional brain volumetric measures derived by the automatic software NeuroQuant (NQ) with clinically used visual rating scales of medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA), global cortical atrophy-frontal (GCA-f), and posterior atrophy (PA) brain regions, assessing their diagnostic validity, and to explore if combining automatic and visual methods would increase diagnostic prediction accuracy.

Methods: Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations from 86 patients with subjective and mild cognitive impairment (i.e.

Cofactors, age at onset, allergic comorbidities and gender are different in patients sensitized to omega-5 gliadin and Pru p 3.

Aim of this study is to clarify the impact of cofactors on allergic reactions in patients sensitized to LTP and ω-5-gliadin. We retrospectively examined the charts of our outpatients from January 2015 to July 2019 and identified 157 patients seen for urticaria/angioedema or anaphylaxis after a meal, in presence or absence of cofactors and sensitized to LTPs (Pru p 3 and/or Tri a 14) and/or ω-5-gliadin (Tri a 19). we compared LTPs-positive patients and those sensitized to Tri a 19 in order to assess the difference in cofactors involved and in frequency of clinical presentation.

Brain Morphometric Correlates of Depressive Symptoms among Patients with and without Dementia.

Introduction: Findings regarding brain morphometry among patients with dementia and concomitant depressive symptoms have been inconsistent. Thus, the aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that dementia and concomitant depressive symptoms are associated with structural brain changes in the temporal lobe measured with structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: A sample of 492 patients from Norwegian memory clinics ( = 363) and Old Age Psychiatry services ( = 129) was studied.

One-Year Change in Locus of Control among People with Dementia.

Introduction: Knowledge of how perceptions of personal control change over time may provide valuable insights into how people cope with having dementia. The present study aimed to examine change in locus of control over a 12-month period in persons with dementia.

Method: The study included 52 participants with dementia.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms and brain morphology in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease with dementia.

Unlabelled: We present associations between neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and brain morphology in a large sample of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease with dementia (AD dementia).Several studies assessed NPS factor structure in MCI and AD dementia, but we know of no study that tested for associations between NPS factors and brain morphology. The use of factor scores increases parsimony and power.

Locus of Control and Its Associations with Depressive Symptoms amongst People with Dementia.

Introduction: Depression is common amongst people with dementia. This study examines whether locus of control (LoC), a perceived control construct influential in the coping process, is related to depressive symptoms in this population.

Methods: In this prospective observational study, 257 community-dwelling older adults with a confirmed dementia diagnosis were included.

Control Beliefs among People with Dementia: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Dementia diseases are still incurable, and in order to assist in living well with the disease, researchers are increasing their attention to the value of control beliefs. Control beliefs are associated with coping and psychological well-being; however, knowledge on how they relate to well-being outcomes in people with dementia is limited. This review aimed to synthesize knowledge about control beliefs in this group to guide future interventions and research.

[The specialist health service for geriatric psychiatry during the COVID-19 pandemic].

Background: Older patients with mental disorders are particularly likely to be affected by negative consequences of the infection control measures that have been implemented as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Material And Method: A questionnaire survey was sent to 18 departments of geriatric psychiatry from all four health regions in Norway.

Results: Altogether 83 therapists from various occupational groups responded, with representatives from all the health regions.

The Power of EEG to Predict Conversion from Mild Cognitive Impairment and Subjective Cognitive Decline to Dementia.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine if quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) using the statistical pattern recognition (SPR) method could predict conversion to dementia in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: From 5 Nordic memory clinics, we included 47 SCD patients, 99 MCI patients, and 67 healthy controls. EEGs analyzed with the SPR method together with clinical data recorded at baseline were evaluated.

Young- and Late-Onset Dementia: A Comparative Study of Quality of Life, Burden, and Depressive Symptoms in Caregivers.

Objective: To compare the quality of life, burden, and depressive symptoms of caregivers of individuals with young-onset dementia (YOD) and late-onset dementia (LOD).

Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, a convenience sample of 110 dyads of individuals with dementia and their caregivers, all living in the community, was included. The care recipients completed assessments about cognition, quality of life, and awareness of disease.

Brazilian version of the European Cross-Cultural Neuropsychological Test Battery (CNTB-BR): diagnostic accuracy across schooling levels.

Objective: To translate, establish the diagnostic accuracy, and standardize the Brazilian Portuguese version of the European Cross-Cultural Neuropsychological Test Battery (CNTB) considering schooling level.

Methods: We first completed an English-Brazilian Portuguese translation and back-translation of the CNTB. A total of 135 subjects aged over 60 years - 65 cognitively healthy (mean 72.

Does hyperglycemia downregulate glucose transporters in the brain?

Diabetes is a metabolic condition associated with hyperglycemia manifested by the elevation of blood glucose levels occurring when the pancreas decreases or stops the production of insulin, in case of insulin resistance or both. The current literature supports that insulin resistance may be responsible for the memory decline associated with diabetes. Glucose transporters (GLUTs) are a family of proteins involved in glucose transport across biological membranes.

Baricitinib exposure during pregnancy in rheumatoid arthritis.

We here describe the case of a 43-year-old White woman who was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis treated with anti-tumour necrosis factor drugs that caused an adverse drug reaction. The objective of this study was to describe the outcome of a pregnancy under baricitinib, a JAK-inhibitor drug, in a woman affected by rheumatoid arthritis. Scant data are available about the safety of JAK inhibitors during pregnancy.

The course of depressive symptoms with decline in cognitive function - a longitudinal study of older adults receiving in-home care at baseline.

Background: Depressive symptoms in old age are common, but the prevalence, persistence, and incidence of depressive symptoms in older adults with and without dementia receiving in-home care is less well studied, and descriptions of the relationship between severity of cognitive decline and depressive symptoms over time is, to our knowledge, lacking. The aim of the present study was to describe the prevalence, incidence and persistence of depressive symptoms over a 36-month follow-up period among older adults receiving in-home care at baseline, and to explore the association between cognitive function and the course of depressive symptoms over time.

Methods: In all, 1001 older people (≥ 70 years) receiving in-home care were included in a longitudinal study with three assessments over 36 months.

The Association Between Circulating Inflammatory Markers and the Progression of Alzheimer Disease in Norwegian Memory Clinic Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia.

Objective: Neuroinflammation may play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer disease (AD). The aim of the present study was to detect whether increased inflammatory activity at baseline could predict cognitive and functional decline in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) or AD dementia after 2 years.

Methods: Serum samples from 242 memory clinic patients with an aMCI (n=88) or AD dementia (n=154) were analyzed for C-reactive protein and for 14 other inflammatory markers [interleukin (IL)-1β, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-17a, IL-18, IL-22, IL-33, tumor necrosis factor, cluster of differentiation 40 ligand, interferon-γ, chemokine ligand (CCL) 2, and CCL4] by bead-based multiplex immunoassay.

Applicability of the locus of control of behaviour scale for people with dementia.

Objective: To investigate the applicability of the Locus of Control of Behaviour scale (LoCB) for people with dementia.

Method: A sample of 534 participants with dementia (78.4 mean age, 58% female) were included.

Differences in Awareness of Disease Between Young-onset and Late-onset Dementia.

Introduction: Awareness of disease is the ability to acknowledge changes caused by deficits related to the disease process. We aimed to investigate whether there are differences in awareness of disease between young-onset dementia (YOD) and late-onset dementia (LOD) and examined how awareness interacts with cognitive and clinical variables.

Materials And Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, 49 people with YOD and 83 with LOD and their caregivers were included.

Exercise-induced anaphylaxis with an Ayurvedic drug as cofactor: A case report.

Background: The practice of Indian Ayurvedic medicine is spreading in Western countries and Shilajit is one of the most used drugs, for its antioxidant activities and immunomodulatory effects. Albeit Shilajit has showed a high degree of safety, it can act as cofactor of anaphylaxis, especially in condition at high risk, such as mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS). We reported this case to sensitize practitioners to investigate to the use of complementary and alternative medicine, in case of exercise-induced anaphylaxis (EIAn).

Oxidative stress markers in patients with hereditary angioedema.

Introduction: Hereditary angioedema due to C1-INH deficiency (C1-INH-HAE) or with normal C1-INH is characterized by recurrent swellings due to uncontrolled production of vasoactive mediators, among which bradykinin (BK) is crucial. Through the binding and activation of the two human BK-receptors, kinins may have dual beneficial and deleterious effects in vascular and inflammation physiopathology by inducing oxidative stress. We aimed to assess the serum concentrations of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) in patients affected by HAE.

Resilience in Carers of People With Young-Onset Alzheimer Disease.

Young-onset Alzheimer disease (YOAD) causes psychological and emotional difficulties for carers. However, even in the face of considerable caregiving demands and burden, some carers are resistant to stress, which may be a sign of resilience. This study investigated whether the clinical symptoms of the person with YOAD might be associated with resilience in their carers.

Cortisol levels among older people with and without depression and dementia.

Cortisol dysregulation has been reported in dementia and depression. Cortisol levels and its associates were investigated among older people living at home and in nursing homes, in a cross-sectional study. A sample of 650 older people, from the community (home and nursing homes) and specialized care (memory clinics and old age psychiatry wards), mean age 76.

Spatial Navigation in the Elderly with Alzheimer's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Spatial navigation is a fundamental cognitive ability that allows an individual to maintain independence by facilitating the safe movement from one place to another. It emerges as one of the first deficits in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objective: To compare spatial navigation performance in the healthy elderly and AD patients through use of the Floor Maze Test (FMT)- an easy-to-apply two-dimensional (2D) maze- and determine which cognitive and functional capacities were associated with performance in this task.