Potential Role of Novel Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Pediatric Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background: Cardiovascular Disease is the leading cause of death in adult and pediatric patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and its pathogenesis involves the interaction of multiple pathways. As Inflammatory mechanisms play a critical role in the vascular disease of CKD pediatric patients, there are several biomarkers related to inflammation strongly associated with this comorbidity.

Objective: This review provides available evidence on the link between several biomarkers and the pathophysiology of heart disease in patients with CKD.

The role of renin angiotensin system in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA), chronic inflammatory processes lead to progresive joint destruction. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in the pathogenesis of RA and OA. The aim of this mini-review article is to summarize evidence on the role of RAS in RA and OA.