Maternal smoking during pregnancy and birthweight on the third generation: results from two birth cohort studies.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this research is to investigate whether grandmother's smoking during pregnancy reduces the grandchildren's birthweight and whether maternal smoking during pregnancy modified this association. We also evaluated the effect of duration and intensity of smoking. This study included data from three generations from two birth cohorts carried out in Pelotas, a southern Brazilian city: women enrolled in the perinatal study in the 1982 and 1993 cohorts (G1); daughters (G2) of those G1 mothers who were followed to adulthood; and first children (G3) born from G2 women.

Effectiveness of an Active Methodology for Learning ECG during the Internal Medicine Internship.

Background: Studies have shown a low accuracy of urgent care physicians in interpreting electrocardiogram (ECG) in severe cardiovascular conditions.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an ECG learning method in internal medicine internships and to know the perception of interns regarding learning before and after the methodology.

Methods: This study used a database with the results of an ECG pre- and post-test of the classes in the internal medicine internship from 2017 to 2022.

Methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolates from skin and nares of Brazilian children with atopic dermatitis demonstrate high level of clonal diversity.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) primarily affects the pediatric population, which is highly colonized by S. aureus. However, little is known about the genetic features of this microorganism and other staphylococcal species that colonize AD patients.

Socioeconomic status and body mass index life course models: the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort.

This article aims to assess the relationship between an individual's socioeconomic status over their life-course and their body mass index (BMI) at 22 years of age, according to the hypotheses generated by risk accumulation, critical period, and social mobility models. This was a population-based prospective study based on the Pelotas (Brazil) 1993 birth cohort. The risk accumulation, critical period, and social mobility models were tested in relation to a saturated model and compared with a partial F-test.

Early age at menarche and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors: mediation by body composition in adulthood.

Evidence suggests that early menarche increases cardiometabolic risk, and adiposity would be a possible mediator of this association. We assessed the association between age at menarche and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors and estimated the indirect effect of body composition in adulthood. In 1982, all hospital births in the city of Pelotas/Brazil, were identified and live births were examined and have been prospectively followed.

Influence of maternal pre-pregnancy nutritional status on offspring anthropometric measurements and body composition in three Brazilian Birth Cohorts.

Objective: We aimed at evaluating the association of maternal pre-pregnancy nutritional status with offspring anthropometry and body composition. We also evaluated whether these associations were modified by gender, diet and physical activity and mediated by birth weight.

Design: Birth cohort study.

Second generation of the 1993 birth cohort, Pelotas (Brazil): Aims, design, preliminary results.

Background And Aims: Longitudinal cohort studies examining different generations can explain how health problems can be transmitted through genetic and environmental mechanisms and their effects on the health of offspring. This study aimed to present the design and to describe the characteristics of the baseline sample of a second generation cohort.

Methods: The 93Cohort-II is a dynamic prospective cohort composed of a second generation from the original 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort (offspring), whose parents had their last follow-up at 22 years old.

Longitudinal Association Between Diet Quality and Asthma Symptoms in Early Adult Life in a Brazilian Birth Cohort.

Background: The role of diet in the etiology of asthma is still inconclusive. This paper evaluated the longitudinal association between diet quality and chest wheezing in young adults.

Methods: This is a longitudinal study with follow-up information from 18- and 22-year-olds (18y and 22y) of the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort.

Role of ultra-processed food in fat mass index between 6 and 11 years of age: a cohort study.

Background: Ultra-processed food consumption and obesity have been highlighted as an important relationship to public health. We aimed to evaluate the association between ultra-processed food consumption and body fat from 6 to 11 years of age.

Methods: We assessed the association between ultra-processed food consumption (from food frequency questionnaires) and body fat (measured by air displacement plethysmography) between 6 and 11 years of age among participants of the Pelotas-Brazil 2004 Birth Cohort.

Vegetarianism among first-year students at a public university in Southern Brazil, 2018.

Objective To identify vegetarianism prevalence and associated factors among students at a public university in Southern Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional study carried out in 2017-2018 with first-year university students. A questionnaire was administered to assess diet type (omnivorous or vegetarian).

Intergenerational breastfeeding practices among parents and children: 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort.

The objective of this study was to investigate intergenerational breastfeeding practices according to parental sex and age at delivery in the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort study. This is a prospective birth cohort study, and at the 22-year follow-up, a substudy with all children of the cohort members who had become parents was conducted (93Cohort-II). First generation breastfeeding data were collected at 3 months and 4-year-old follow-ups.

Relative validity of a computer-based semi-quantitative FFQ for use in the Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Studies.

Objective: To assess the relative validity of a FFQ developed for the Pelotas Birth Cohort Studies.

Design: Participants completed a ninety-two-food-item FFQ and then answered two 24-h recalls (24HR), one in-person interview and a second one by telephone, administered 14-28 d apart. Median and relative differences of energy, fifteen nutrients and eleven food groups were estimated based on the FFQ and the average of two 24HR.

[Dietary patterns of elderly Brazilians and associated determinants: a population-based study in the south of Brazil].

This cross-sectional study sought to assess the effect of demographic and socioeconomic factors, chronic diseases, and health counseling on dietary patterns of the elderly. Food consumption was assessed by means of a reduced eating frequency questionnaire distributed to 1,426 elderly residents in Pelotas, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and dietary patterns were obtained using main component analysis. Two dietary patterns were identified: healthy diet (wholegrain food, fruits, vegetables, and milk) and Western diet (sweet snacks, fried foods, frozen foods, processed meats, and fast food).

Introduction to complementary feeding in the first year of life and risk of overweight at 24 months of age: changes from 2004 to 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohorts.

Complementary feeding (CF) and overweight relationships during early childhood are inconsistent in the literature. We described the association of CF during the first year of life with risk of overweight at 24 months of age in the population-based 2004 and 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohorts (2004c and 2015c). CF introduction was evaluated at the 3 and 12 months' follow-ups by asking mothers using a list of foods.

Sleep parameters measured by accelerometry: descriptive analyses from the 22-year follow-up of the Pelotas 1993 birth cohort.

Objective: To describe the sleep time window (STW), total sleep time (TST), and sleep percent [SP = (TST/STW) × 100] by accelerometry in a population-based young adult cohort in Brazil.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis with a 22-year sample (N = 2462). Sleep variables were measured using an accelerometer.

Adiposity, depression and anxiety: interrelationship and possible mediators.

Objectives: To explore the association between adiposity, major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, and to assess the role of inflammation, diet quality and physical activity in this association.

Methods: We used data from 2,977 individuals from the 1993 Pelotas Cohort (Brazil) who attended the 18- and 22-year follow-ups. We assessed general obesity using body mass index, fat mass index, and abdominal obesity using waist circumference.

Growth from birth to adolescence and bone mineral density in young adults: The 1993 Pelotas birth cohort.

Background: The study examined the association of body size (weight and length) at birth and gain in height and weight during childhood and adolescence with areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in adulthood for women and men.

Methods: 756 members (335 men and 421 women) of the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth cohort were studied. Data on weight and length/height were obtained at birth and subsequent follow-ups at 1, 4, 11, 15, 18, and 22 years of age and specific z scores were calculated by sex.

Socioeconomic status throughout life and body mass index: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This article aimed to systematically review the association between socioeconomic status according to the life course models and the body mass index (BMI) in adults. A review was performed following the guidelines of the PRISMA. The studies were identified in the MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS and Web of Science databases.

Milk consumption, dietary calcium intake and nutrient patterns from adolescence to early adulthood and its effect on bone mass: the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort.

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of milk consumption, dietary calcium intake and nutrient patterns (bone-friendly and unfriendly patterns) from late adolescence to early adulthood, on bone at 22 years of age. Cross-sectional analysis was performed with 3,109 participants from 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort in the follow-ups of 18 and 22 years of age. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine, right femur and whole body were assessed at 22 years using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Prevalence of obesity in rural and urban areas in Brazil: National Health Survey, 2013.

Objective: To investigate the role of the domiciliary situation in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity through the National Health Survey of 2013.

Methodology: General obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) and abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥ 102 cm in men and ≥ 88 cm in women) in rural and urban areas were described according to sex and macroregion. Crude and adjusted Poisson regression models were used to test the association between obesity and household situation, with the significance level of 5%.

Associations between body mass index, body composition and bone density in young adults: findings from a southern Brazilian cohort.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the association of body composition components and obesity with bone density.

Methods: Prospective study with data on 2968 members of the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort from follow-ups at 18 and 22 years of age. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD, g/cm) was evaluated for whole body, lumbar spine, and femoral neck at 22 years using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Body composition from 18 to 22 years and pulmonary function at 22 years-1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort.

The objective was to verify the association between body composition from 18 to 22 years and pulmonary function at 22 years of age. This longitudinal analysis was conducted with a Brazilian birth cohort data. The outcomes were the forced expiratory volume in the first second and forced vital capacity (FVC), measured at 22 years follow-up.

How different online recruitment methods impact on recruitment rates for the web-based coortesnaweb project: a randomised trial.

Background: The number of web-based E-epidemiologic studies using online recruitment methods is increasing. However, the optimal online recruitment method in terms of maximizing recruitment rates is still unknown. Our aim was to compare the recruitment rates of three online recruitment methods and to describe how these rates differ according to individual's socioeconomic and demographic factors.