Menopausal transition in multiple sclerosis: relationship with disease activity and brain volume measurements.

Background: Recent evidence has shown a significant association between menopause and multiple sclerosis (MS) progression. This study investigated the possible role of menopause in influencing MS from clinical and neuroradiological perspectives. Notably, the possible association between menopause and brain atrophy has been evaluated.

Effects of Pregnancy and Breastfeeding on Clinical Outcomes and MRI Measurements of Women with Multiple Sclerosis: An Exploratory Real-World Cohort Study.

Introduction: Pregnancy represents an important event for women with multiple sclerosis (MS) and is often accompanied by post-partum disease reactivation. To date, the influence of this reproductive phase on long-term MS outcomes is still largely unexplored. The objective of the study was characterise a large real-world cohort of women with MS to evaluate the effects of pregnancy and breastfeeding on short- and long-term clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes while exploring the relationships with MRI measurements of brain atrophy.

Brain Volume and Perception of Cognitive Impairment in People With Multiple Sclerosis and Their Caregivers.

Cognitive impairment (CI) is common in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). The assessment of CI is based on neuropsychological tests and accurate anamnesis, involving the patients and caregivers (CG). This study aimed to assess the complex interplay between self-perception of CI, objective CI and the brain atrophy of MS patients, also exploring the possible differences with CI evaluated by caregivers.

The impact of modifiable risk factors on lesion burden in patients with early multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: Some studies have indicated the importance of considering smoking, vitamin D deficiency and obesity as negative prognostic factors for clinical and MRI outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of these modifiable risk factors on brain MRI lesion burden of patients with early MS, also exploring the influence on initial clinical features.

Methods: MS patients were enrolled at diagnosis time and examined for smoking, body mass index (BMI), serum level of lipids and 25(OH) vitamin D.

Does focal inflammation have an impact on cognition in multiple sclerosis? An MRI study.

Objective: Cognitive impairment concerns a significant percentage of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). A transient impairment of cognition with a simultaneous presence of non-symptomatic gadolinium (Gd)-enhancing lesions in patients with MS was previously described. Our study aimed to evaluate modifications in cognitive function before and after the occurrence of asymptomatic MRI gadolinium (Gd)-enhancing lesions in relapsing MS patients.

A cross-sectional and longitudinal study evaluating brain volumes, RNFL, and cognitive functions in MS patients and healthy controls.

Background: The principal biomarker of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS) is believed to be brain volume, which is associated with cognitive functions and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL). A cross-sectional and longitudinal assessment of the relationship between RNFL, cognitive functions and brain volume.

Methods: At baseline, relapsing patients and healthy controls underwent 1.

Autoimmune comorbidities in multiple sclerosis: what is the influence on brain volumes? A case-control MRI study.

Background: Several studies indicated that multiple sclerosis (MS) is frequently associated with other autoimmune diseases. However, it is little known if the coexistence of these conditions may influence the radiologic features of MS, and in particular the brain volumes.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of autoimmune comorbidities on brain atrophy in a large case-control MS population.

Multiple sclerosis and HLA genotypes: A possible influence on brain atrophy.

Background: The strongest genetic determinant for multiple sclerosis (MS) is located at the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II DRB1 and DQB1 loci.

Objectives: To investigate the possible role of predisposing HLA genotypes in determining brain atrophy.

Methods: HLA genotypes were categorized as high risk (two predisposing haplotypes) or medium/low risk (one or no predisposing haplotypes).