Anaerobic digestion of crude glycerol from biodiesel production for biogas generation: Process optimization and pilot scale operation.

Anaerobic digestion of wastes and wastewater is a complex process that can be affected by many operational parameters. In this context, the purpose of the present study was to optimize biogas production using crude glycerol (GLY) generated in biodiesel production from waste cooking oil without pretreatment or nutrient supplementation. The study was divided into two parts: the first phase consisted of an experimental design based on central composite design (CCD) with two variables (food to microorganism (F/M) ratio and cycle time) at five levels (F/M of 0.

Study of sugarcane bagasse/straw combustion and its atmospheric emissions using a pilot-burner.

This work conducted experimental combustion on a closed chamber using two different materials: mixture (1:1) sugarcane bagasse/straw and pre-treated biomass. The sampling method was an Andersen cascade impactor with eight stages. Tests were carried out on untreated biomass varying the velocities observed in the sampling duct (4.

Evaluation of the efficiency of a Venturi scrubber in particulate matter collection smaller than 2.5 µm emitted by biomass burning.

Energy demand has increased worldwide, and biomass burning is one of the solutions most used by industries, especially in countries that have a great potential in agriculture, such as Brazil. However, these energy sources generate pollutants, consisting of particulate matter (PM) with a complex chemical composition, such as sugarcane bagasse (SB) burning. Controlling these emissions is necessary; therefore, the aim was to evaluate PM collection using a rectangular Venturi scrubber (RVS), and its effects on the composition of the PM emitted.

CO, CO, hydrocarbon gases and PM emissions on dry season by deforestation fires in the Brazilian Amazonia.

The rate of deforestation in Brazil increased by 29% between 2015 and 2016, resulting in an increase of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) of 9%. Deforestation fires in the Amazonia are the main source of GHG in Brazil. In this work, amounts of CO, CO, main hydrocarbon gases and PM emitted during deforestation fires, under real conditions directly in Brazilian Amazonia, were determined.

Comparative study for hardwood and softwood forest biomass: chemical characterization, combustion phases and gas and particulate matter emissions.

Two different types of typical Brazilian forest biomass were burned in the laboratory in order to compare their combustion characteristics and pollutant emissions. Approximately 2 kg of Amazon biomass (hardwood) and 2 kg of Araucaria biomass (softwood) were burned. Gaseous emissions of CO2, CO, and NOx and particulate matter smaller than 2.