Comparative analysis of ocular redness score evaluated automatically in glaucoma patients under different topical medications.

Purpose: To compare ocular redness score calculated automatically between glaucoma patients and healthy controls, and to assess the associations between this score and both demographical and clinical characteristics.

Methods: Glaucoma patients under different topical medications and matched controls were enrolled in this observational cross-sectional study. The Keratograph 5M (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH) was used to automatically measure 5 redness scores: global; nasal bulbar; temporal bulbar; nasal limbal; temporal limbal.

Structural Elucidation of Viral Antagonism of Innate Immunity at the STAT1 Interface.

To evade immunity, many viruses express interferon antagonists that target STAT transcription factors as a major component of pathogenesis. Because of a lack of direct structural data, these interfaces are poorly understood. We report the structural analysis of full-length STAT1 binding to an interferon antagonist of a human pathogenic virus.

Genome-Wide Mutagenesis of Dengue Virus Reveals Plasticity of the NS1 Protein and Enables Generation of Infectious Tagged Reporter Viruses.

Dengue virus (DENV) is a major global pathogen that causes significant morbidity and mortality in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. An improved understanding of the regions within the DENV genome and its encoded proteins that are required for the virus replication cycle will expedite the development of urgently required therapeutics and vaccines. We subjected an infectious DENV genome to unbiased insertional mutagenesis and used next-generation sequencing to identify sites that tolerate 15-nucleotide insertions during the virus replication cycle in hepatic cell culture.