Stereotype Threat and Gender Bias in Internal Medicine Residency: It is Still Hard to be in Charge.

Background: Despite similar numbers of women and men in internal medicine (IM) residency, women face unique challenges. Stereotype threat is hypothesized to contribute to underrepresentation of women in academic leadership, and exploring how it manifests in residency may provide insight into forces that perpetuate gender disparities.

Objective: To quantify the prevalence of stereotype threat in IM residency and explore experiences contributing to that stereotype threat.

Association of Perceived Role Misidentification With Use of Role Identity Badges Among Resident Physicians.

Importance: Role misidentification of resident physicians occurs frequently and is associated with decreased well-being.

Objective: To evaluate the role misidentification and burnout rates among resident physicians after disbursement of role identity badges.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This quality improvement study was conducted during the 2018 to 2019 academic year.

The Relationship Between Applicant Gender and Internal Medicine Residency Interview Scores.

Background: Gender inequity is widespread in academic medicine, including in the promotion, academic recognition, and compensation of female faculty.

Objective: To assess whether these inequities extend to the GME intern selection process, this study examines differences in the interview scores assigned to male and female applicants at one large internal medicine residency program.

Methods: Subjects include 1399 applicants who completed 3099 interviews for internship positions for the Brigham and Women's Hospital internal medicine residency in Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS) cycles 2015-2016, 2017-2018, 2018-2019, and 2019-2020.

"Make the Implicit Explicit": Measuring Perceptions of Gender Bias and Creating a Gender Bias Curriculum for Internal Medicine Residents.

Background: Gender bias in clinical training has been well established; however, little is known about how perceptions differ between men and women. Furthermore, few curricular options have been developed to discuss gender bias.

Objective: To measure the prevalence of gender bias, examine qualitative differences between men and women, and create a gender bias curriculum for internal medicine residents.

Assessment of Interruptive Behavior at Residency Teaching Conferences by Gender.

This cohort study examines interruptions by residents and faculty discussants during residency teaching conferences by gender.

Sex-Based Role Misidentification and Burnout of Resident Physicians: An Observational Study.

Objective: This cross-sectional study characterized associations between sex, role misidentification, and burnout among surgical and nonsurgical residents.

Summary Background Data: Limited evidence suggests that female resident physicians are more likely to be misidentified as nonphysician team members, with potential negative implications for wellbeing. The prevalence and impact of role misidentification on the trainee experience in surgical as compared to nonsurgical specialties is unknown.

Residents Take the Lead: A Modern Collaborative Approach to Research During Residency.

Background: Participation in scholarship is a requirement for Internal Medicine (IM) residencies, but programs struggle to successfully integrate research into busy clinical schedules. In 2013, the IM residency at Brigham and Women's Hospital implemented the Housestaff Research Project (HRP)- a novel residency-wide research initiative designed to facilitate participation in scholarship. The HRP had two components-a formal research curriculum and an infrastructure that provided funding and mentorship for resident-led, housestaff wide projects.

Getting up to Speed: A Resident-Led Inpatient Curriculum for New Internal Medicine Interns.

Introduction: The transition from medical school to internship is an important milestone in medical training and often is a challenge for trainees. This resident-designed and -led inpatient curriculum for internal medicine interns was created to address common clinical scenarios and how best to manage them.

Methods: During the Intern Summer Curriculum, interns participated in weekly small-group sessions facilitated by senior residents.

Bridging the Divide: Student Grand Rounds at the Interface of Basic Science and Clinical Medicine.

Problem: As biomedical research and clinical medicine become increasingly complex, physician-scientists and clinically oriented biomedical researchers play important roles in bridging the gap between disciplines. A lack of educational programming that addresses the unique needs of students preparing for careers at the interface of basic science and clinical medicine may contribute to trainee attrition.

Approach: The MD-PhD/LHB Grand Rounds was introduced in 2008 as a trainee-driven collaborative effort of the Harvard/Massachusetts Institute of Technology MD-PhD program at Harvard Medical School (HMS MD-PhD program), Harvard's Leder Human Biology and Translational Medicine (LHB) program, and the Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) Internal Medicine Department.

Appropriateness of inpatient stress testing: Implications for development of clinical decision support mechanisms and future criteria.

Background: An upcoming national mandate will require consultation of appropriate use criteria (AUC) through a clinical decision support mechanism (CDSM) for advanced imaging. We aimed to evaluate our current ability to ascertain test appropriateness.

Methods: We prospectively collected data on 288 consecutive stress tests and coronary computed tomography angiography studies for medical inpatients.

A Framework for Inclusive Graduate Medical Education Recruitment Strategies: Meeting the ACGME Standard for a Diverse and Inclusive Workforce.

To help address health care disparities and promote higher-quality, culturally sensitive care in the United States, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and other governing bodies propose cultivating a more diverse physician workforce. In addition, improved training and patient outcomes have been demonstrated for diverse care teams. However, prioritizing graduate medical education (GME) diversity and inclusion efforts can be challenging and unidimensional diversity initiatives typically result in failure.

Identification of Racial Inequities in Access to Specialized Inpatient Heart Failure Care at an Academic Medical Center.

Background: Racial inequities for patients with heart failure (HF) have been widely documented. HF patients who receive cardiology care during a hospital admission have better outcomes. It is unknown whether there are differences in admission to a cardiology or general medicine service by race.

Use of "Doctor" Badges for Physician Role Identification During Clinical Training.

This survey-based pilot study explores the frequency and implications of role misidentification experienced by residents at a large academic medical center and evaluates the use of a simple, low-cost method for distinguishing physicians from other members of the health care team.

Testosterone Therapy in Men With Hypogonadism: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline.

Objective: To update the "Testosterone Therapy in Men With Androgen Deficiency Syndromes" guideline published in 2010.

Participants: The participants include an Endocrine Society-appointed task force of 10 medical content experts and a clinical practice guideline methodologist.

Evidence: This evidence-based guideline was developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach to describe the strength of recommendations and the quality of evidence.

Smear Campaign: Misattribution of Pancytopenia to a Tick-Borne Illness.

We report the case of a 51-year-old woman presenting with a targetoid rash and pancytopenia after a tick bite. Initial evaluation was notable for severe neutropenia on the complete blood cell count differential, a positive Lyme IgM antibody, and a peripheral blood smear demonstrating atypical lymphocytes. While her pancytopenia was initially attributed to tick-borne illness, peripheral flow cytometry showed 7% myeloblasts, and a bone marrow biopsy confirmed 60% blasts.