Use of the Brazilian version of the Interpersonal Negotiation Strategies Interview (INSI) in a child and adolescent sample: a pilot study.

Introduction: Interpersonal negotiation skills (INS) comprise actions used to solve social situations between interacting individuals involving different needs or desires. These abilities are part of one's social competence and may be impaired in some psychiatric conditions. There are few validated psychometric tools for measuring INS in the literature.

Interpersonal negotiation skills in ADHD.

Social interaction difficulties are amongst the most prevalent and pervasive adverse outcomes for children and adolescents with ADHD. Problem-solving strategies are impaired in affected individuals, according to the literature. This study aimed to investigate the social problem-solving skills of children and adolescents with and without ADHD, using objective quantitative measures provided by the Interpersonal Negotiation Strategies Interview (INSI).

High prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in children and adolescents at a tertiary epilepsy center.

Background: Epilepsy is highly comorbid with psychiatric disorders and a significant amount of the morbidity related to epilepsy is in fact a result of psychiatric comorbidities.

Objective: To investigate the frequency of different psychiatric comorbidities in children with refractory epilepsy.

Methods: We present preliminary observational data from a series of patients (n=82) examined in the psychiatric branch of a tertiary epilepsy center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Disregarding Impairment in ADHD Diagnosis Inflates Its Prevalence.

fifth edition () diagnostic criteria for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has reemphasized impairment although many studies have demonstrated that such approach may inflate prevalence rates. However, there is no consensus on how impairment should be measured and a myriad of approaches in different studies make comparisons difficult. To investigate whether impairment measured using a previous validate quantitative measure modifies prevalence rates in a sample of Brazilian children and adolescents.

How can Continuous Performance Test help to assess inattention when mood and ADHD symptoms coexist?

Depression and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are prevalent, and often comorbid, disorders, with varying severity levels among patients. Inattention is a symptom present in both disorders, which often makes their differential diagnosis difficult in clinical practice (depression only versus comorbidity). This study aimed to investigate the influence of depressive symptoms on attention performance using one of the most common tasks in clinical practice, the continuous performance test (CPT).

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is an independent risk factor for lower resilience in adolescents: a pilot study.

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with impaired daily functioning in a wide range of domains. Resilience, the ability to overcome and recover from challenges, has been scarcely investigated in ADHD and could potentially provide novel strategies for treatment. However, since ADHD is often comorbid with other clinical conditions, it is necessary to better understand if it impairs resilience levels when controlled for other variables.

Delusional misidentification syndromes in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Delusional misidentification syndromes (DMS) have been rarely reported in patients with conditions other than schizophrenia-related disorders, diffuse brain disease (dementia) and focal neurological illness. In this report, we describe DMS (i.e.

Is ADHD a risk factor independent of conduct disorder for illicit substance use? A meta-analysis and metaregression investigation.

Objective: To investigate meta-analytically if the association between ADHD and illicit substance use (ISU) is maintained when controlling for conduct disorder/oppositional-defiant disorder (CD/ODD).

Method: A systematic literature review was conducted through Medline from 1980 to 2008. Data extracted and selections made by one author were reviewed by another.

Inattention, hyperactivity, oppositional-defiant symptoms and school failure.

Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with school failure. Inattention has been mainly implicated for this association. Oppositional-defiant disorder's (ODD) impact on academic performance remains controversial, because of the high comorbidity between ODD and ADHD.

Inattention, hyperactivity, and oppositional- defiant symptoms in Brazilian adolescents: gender prevalence and agreement between teachers and parents in a non-English speaking population.

Objective: To assess hyperactivity (H/I), inattention (IN), and oppositional-defiant (OP) symptoms in a nonclinical Brazilian sample of adolescents, and to investigate the association between scoring profiles of teachers and parents, symptom levels, and gender.

Method: Symptoms were assessed through the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelhman (SNAP-IV) Questionnaires distributed for teachers and parents to fill out. Score means and prevalence rates based on Criterion A of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.

[Oppositional defiant disorder: a review of neurobiological and environmental correlates, comorbidities, treatment and prognosis].

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is an independent diagnostic entity but it is frequently studied in conjunction with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or Conduct Disorder (CD). The purpose of this paper is to review the extant evidence, through the PubMed database, on the neurobiological correlates of oppositional defiant disorder and also describe the familiar and school functioning, comorbidities, prognosis and therapeutic options for oppositional defiant disorder. Evidence of hormonal, genetic and neuro-functional findings in oppositional defiant disorder, correlation with the family, school relations and performance, and the association with mood and anxiety and disruptive disorders are described.

The effect of methylphenidate on oppositional defiant disorder comorbid with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Objective: To assess the effect of methylphenidate on the diagnosis of oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD) comorbid with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Method: We conducted an open-label study in which 10 children and adolescents with a dual diagnosis of ODD and ADHD were assessed for their ODD symptoms and treated with methylphenidate. At least one month after ADHD symptoms were under control, ODD symptoms were reevaluated with the Parent form of the Children Interview for Psychiatric Syndromes (P-ChIPS).