High-flow nasal cannula and non-invasive mechanical ventilation in pediatric asthma exacerbation: two-year prospective observational study in intensive care.

Background: Asthma is a common cause of admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). We described and analyzed the therapies applied to children admitted to a tertiary PICU because of asthma. Later, we evaluated high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) use in these patients and compared their evolution and complications with those who received non-invasive ventilation.

PIMS-TS immunophenotype: description and comparison with healthy children, Kawasaki disease and severe viral and bacterial infections.

Background: A new clinical syndrome named Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally Associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) has been described. This new disease is a leading cause of hospital and paediatric intensive care unit (PICU). It has been related to immunity dysregulation.

Guidelines for diagnosis and management of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome.

Background: Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CCHS) is a rare condition characterized by an alveolar hypoventilation due to a deficient autonomic central control of ventilation and a global autonomic dysfunction. Paired-like homeobox 2B (PHOX2B) mutations are found in most of the patients with CCHS. In recent years, the condition has evolved from a life-threatening neonatal onset disorder to include broader and milder clinical presentations, affecting children, adults and families.

sRAGE as severe acute bronchiolitis biomarker, prospective observational study.

Introduction And Objectives: Acute bronchiolitis (AB) is the leading cause of hospitalization in infants and around 5% require intensive care treatment. Early identification of children diagnosed with AB at a high risk of severe progression is of great interest. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), highly expressed in lung tissue, regulates immune responses and inflammation, and its soluble form, sRAGE, is believed to have an anti-inflammatory role.

Children in Critical Care Due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: Experience in a Spanish Hospital.

Objectives: Spain has been one of the countries most severely affected by the coronavirus disease 2019. This study aims to describe a series of children admitted to a PICU due to coronavirus disease 2019 infection.

Design: Prospective observational study.

CD64 on monocytes and granulocytes in severe acute bronchiolitis: Pilot study on its usefulness as a bacterial infection biomarker.

The CD64 receptor has been described as a biomarker of bacterial infection. We speculated that CD64 surface expression on monocytes and granulocytes of children with severe acute bronchiolitis (SAB) could be altered in cases of probable bacterial infection (PBI) determined using classical biomarkers (procalcitonin and C-reactive protein, leukocyte count, and radiographic findings). A prospective observational pilot study was conducted from October 2015 to February 2016 in children admitted for pediatric critical care.

[Spanish patients with central hypoventilation syndrome included in the European Registry. The 2015 data].

Introduction: Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CCHS) is a very rare genetic disease. In 2012 the European Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (EuCHS) Consortium created an online patient registry in order to improve care.

Aim: To determine the characteristics and outcomes of Spanish patients with CCHS, and detect clinical areas for improvement.

Pediatric Disseminated Lemierre Syndrome in 2 Infants: Not Too Young for an Ancient Disease.

The Lemierre syndrome is characterized by an oropharyngeal infection, thrombosis of the internal jugular vein, and multiple septic metastases. Fusobacterium necrophorum is a common cause of it. The incidence is 0.

[Severe bronchiolitis. Epidemiology and clinical course of 284 patients].

Introduction: Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospital admission and a frequent cause of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission among infants during the winter months. The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics and clinical course of patients admitted to the PICU for bronchiolitis.

Patients And Method: We performed a descriptive, observational study by clinical chart review of all patients admitted to the PICU for severe bronchiolitis from November 1994 to March 2006.

Cerebral salt wasting syndrome in children with acute central nervous system injury.

The purpose of this investigation was to describe the causes, clinical pattern, and treatment of cerebral salt wasting syndrome in children with acute central nervous system injury. This retrospective study focused on patients120 mEq/L), and volume depletion.