Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Cytokine mRNA Profiles in Acute Respiratory Infection Patients.

Introduction: Respiratory infections, collectively, are one of the World's most common and serious illness groups. As recent observations have shown, the most severe courses of acute respiratory infection, often leading to death, are due to uncontrolled cytokine production (hypercytokinemia).

Methods: The study involved 364 patients with respiratory illness being treated in clinics in St.

Cyanobacterial Root Associations of Leafless Epiphytic Orchids.

The leafless orchids are rare epiphytic plants with extremely reduced leaves, and their aerial roots adopted for photosynthesis. The beneficial plant-microbial interactions contribute significantly to host nutrition, fitness, and growth. However, there are no data available on the bacterial associations, inhabiting leafless orchids.

The biotransformation of brewer's spent grain into biogas by anaerobic microbial communities.

The present study reports on the biotransformation of the brewer's spent grain (BSG) in co-digestion with Jerusalem artichoke (JA, Helianthus tuberosus L.) phytomass by thermophilic (+55 °C) and mesophilic (+30 °C) anaerobic methanogenic communities. BSG is a by-product of the beer-brewing process generated in large amounts, in which utilization provokes a negative effect on the environment.