Evaluation of the Alinity m CMV assay for detecting and quantifying cytomegalovirus DNA in non-plasma samples.

CMV infection remains a well-recognized threat in immunocompromised patients and is a major cause of congenital infection. If plasma and whole blood are routinely used as clinical samples for detection of CMV infection and disease, CMV laboratory testing in non-blood samples is becoming more and more relevant to support the diagnosis, prognosis and management of CMV infection. Accurate CMV viral load assessment in various body fluids is therefore essential.

A Rare Case of Streptococcus cristatus Spondylodiscitis Identified by Bacterial 16S rRNA Polymerase Chain Reaction Sequencing: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature.

We report here a rare case of spondylodiscitis due to in a healthy 66-year-old male. Due to an abscess causing neurological deficit, which required immediate surgical intervention, a PCR targeting 16S rRNA was performed on the surgical samples as all blood and tissue cultures remained negative. This molecular assay allowed for the identification of this rare , a member of the mitis group and commensal of the oral cavity, whose pathogenicity remains uncertain although it has been seldom reported in cases of human infections, mostly bacteremia and endocarditis.

Low specificity of spp. ELITe MGB assay, and potential risks in management of invasive aspergillosis.

Objectives: In recent years, commercial molecular tools for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis have emerged, requiring evaluation to ensure quality. Here we assessed the specificity of spp.-ELITe MGB Assay a commercial assay tergeting 18S gene of spp.

Identification of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec in Staphylococcus aureus and non-aureus staphylococci from dairy cattle in Belgium: Comparison of multiplex PCR and whole genome sequencing.

The present study compared multiplex PCR (mPCR) and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) using the SCCmecFinder database to identify the Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome (SCC) mec in five Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and nine non-aureus staphylococci (NAS) isolated from dairy cattle. mPCR identified an SCCmecIV in four SA and one NAS, but could not differentiate between SCCmecII and IV in the fifth SA, that all harbored the mecA gene and were phenotypically resistant to cefoxitin. SCCmecFinder confirmed the presence of an SCCmecIVc(2B) in four SA and of the SCCmecIVa(2B) in the fifth SA and the one NAS.

Loss of GdpP Function in Staphylococcus aureus Leads to β-Lactam Tolerance and Enhanced Evolution of β-Lactam Resistance.

Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus are a leading cause of mortality. Treating infections caused by S. aureus is difficult due to resistance against most traditional antibiotics, including β-lactams.

Prevalence and clinical relevance of colonization with methicillin-resistant in the obstetric population.

Background And Aims: Routine screening for Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA) in pregnant women is common practice in many hospitals. However, little is known on its prevalence and clinical relevance in this population. In this prospective longitudinal study, we aimed to investigate the MRSA prevalence in our obstetric population, the rate of vertical transmission of MRSA and the potential clinical relevance of MRSA colonization for both mother and child.

Epidemiology of the Staphylococcus aureus CA-MRSA USA300 in Belgium.

The methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sequence type (ST) 8 Panton-Valentine toxin (PVL)-positive USA300 clone has a worldwide distribution. The USA300 North American (NA) variant, harbouring the arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME), is predominant in the USA while the Latin American (LV) variant is predominant in Northern South America. Both variants have failed to become endemic in Europe.

PBP4-mediated β-lactam resistance among clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus.

Background: PBP4, a low-molecular-weight PBP in Staphylococcus aureus, is not considered to be a classical mediator of β-lactam resistance. Previous studies carried out by our group with laboratory strains of S. aureus demonstrated the ability of PBP4 to produce β-lactam resistance through mutations associated with the pbp4 promoter and/or gene.

Comparison of the Staphylococcal Chromosome Cassette (SCC) in Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA) and Non- Staphylococci (MRNAS) from Animals and Humans.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and non- staphylococci (MRNAS) cause different infections in animals, including mastitis, in livestock and humans. This study aimed to identify and compare the staphylococcal chromosome cassette (SCC) types of MRSA or MRNAS isolated from several animal species and humans in different countries. Of 1462 and non- staphylococci, 68 grew on Chrom MRSA ID agar, were phenotypically resistant to cefoxitin and tested positive with the PCR for the gene.

Antibiotic Resistance, Biofilm Formation, and Intracellular Survival As Possible Determinants of Persistent or Recurrent Infections by in a Vietnamese Tertiary Hospital: Focus on Bacterial Response to Moxifloxacin.

Resistance is notoriously high in Asia but may not entirely explain therapeutic failures. Specific modes of bacterial life, such as biofilm or intracellular survival, may also contribute to the persistent and/or recurrent character of infections. Most isolates form biofilm and many survive and even thrive intracellularly.

Host and microbial factors in kidney transplant recipients with Escherichia coli acute pyelonephritis or asymptomatic bacteriuria: a prospective study using whole-genome sequencing.

Background: Urinary tract infection is the most common infection among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Many transplant physicians fear that host compromise will allow low-virulence strains to cause pyelonephritis in KTRs, so they often treat asymptomatic bacteriuria with antibiotics. Identification of the host/microbe factors that determine the clinical presentation (i.

Atopobium vaginae intrapartum bacteremia: A case report with a literature review.

Atopobium vaginae is an anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium recognized as a causative agent of bacterial vaginosis and associated with preterm delivery. Invasive infection and bacteremia have been rarely reported. We describe the case of a woman expecting her firstborn child who presented with a A.

An Outpatient Clinic as a Potential Site of Transmission for an Outbreak of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 716: A Study Using Whole-genome Sequencing.

Background: The incidence of nosocomial infections due to carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is increasing worldwide. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) can help elucidate the transmission route of nosocomial pathogens.

Methods: We combined WGS and epidemiological data to analyze an outbreak of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing K.

Bacteria from Animals as a Pool of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes.

Antimicrobial agents are used in both veterinary and human medicine. The intensive use of antimicrobials in animals may promote the fixation of antimicrobial resistance genes in bacteria, which may be zoonotic or capable to transfer these genes to human-adapted pathogens or to human gut microbiota via direct contact, food or the environment. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the use of antimicrobial agents in animal health and explores the role of bacteria from animals as a pool of antimicrobial resistance genes for human bacteria.

A Livestock-Associated, Multidrug-Resistant, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clonal Complex 97 Lineage Spreading in Dairy Cattle and Pigs in Italy.

Pandemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clonal complex 97 (CC97) lineages originated from livestock-to-human host jumps. In recent years, CC97 has become one of the major MRSA lineages detected in Italian farmed animals. The aim of this study was to characterize and analyze differences in MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S.

Biofilm formation of ica operon-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis from different sources.

Information on the prevalence of biofilm-related factors (PIA, Bhp, Aap, Embp) in Staphylococcus epidermidis of animal origin is scarce. In this study, 263 S. epidermidis isolates of diverse origin (animal, farmers, patients, and laboratory staff) were investigated for the presence of the ica operon (icaRADBC).

Livestock-Associated Methicillin Resistant and Methicillin Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type (CC)1 in European Farmed Animals: High Genetic Relatedness of Isolates from Italian Cattle Herds and Humans.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Sequence Type (ST)1, Clonal Complex(CC)1, SCCmec V is one of the major Livestock-Associated (LA-) lineages in pig farming industry in Italy and is associated with pigs in other European countries. Recently, it has been increasingly detected in Italian dairy cattle herds. The aim of this study was to analyse the differences between ST1 MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S.

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase- and AmpC β-lactamase-producing D-tartrate-positive Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B from broilers and human patients in Belgium, 2008-10.

Objectives: To characterize the genetic determinants responsible for extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC) resistance of d-tartrate-positive Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi B (serovar Paratyphi B dT+) strains that have emerged in poultry and humans in Belgium during 2008-10.

Methods: The ESC resistance genes among non-redundant serovar Paratyphi B dT+ strains were determined using PCR and sequencing.

Food poisoning and Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins.

Staphylococcus aureus produces a wide variety of toxins including staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs; SEA to SEE, SEG to SEI, SER to SET) with demonstrated emetic activity, and staphylococcal-like (SEl) proteins, which are not emetic in a primate model (SElL and SElQ) or have yet to be tested (SElJ, SElK, SElM to SElP, SElU, SElU2 and SElV). SEs and SEls have been traditionally subdivided into classical (SEA to SEE) and new (SEG to SElU2) types. All possess superantigenic activity and are encoded by accessory genetic elements, including plasmids, prophages, pathogenicity islands, vSa genomic islands, or by genes located next to the staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) implicated in methicillin resistance.