Implementation of a Clinical Decision Support System for Children With Minor Blunt Head Trauma Who Are at Nonnegligible Risk for Traumatic Brain Injuries.

Study Objective: To determine the effect of providing risk estimates of clinically important traumatic brain injuries and management recommendations on emergency department (ED) outcomes for children with isolated intermediate Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network clinically important traumatic brain injury risk factors.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a nonrandomized clinical trial with concurrent controls, conducted at 5 pediatric and 8 general EDs between November 2011 and June 2014, enrolling patients younger than 18 years who had minor blunt head trauma. After a baseline period, intervention sites received electronic clinical decision support providing patient-level clinically important traumatic brain injury risk estimates and management recommendations.

Innovative Use of the Electronic Health Record to Support Harm Reduction Efforts.

Background And Objectives: Awareness of the impact of preventable harm on patients and families has resulted in extensive efforts to make our health care systems safer. We determined that, in our hospital, patients experienced 1 of 9 types of preventable harm approximately every other day. In an effort to expedite early identification of patients at risk and provide timely intervention, we used the electronic health record's (EHR) documentation to enable decision support, data capture, and auditing and implemented reporting tools to reduce rates of harm.

Use of Traumatic Brain Injury Prediction Rules With Clinical Decision Support.

Objectives: We determined whether implementing the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) traumatic brain injury (TBI) prediction rules and providing risks of clinically important TBIs (ciTBIs) with computerized clinical decision support (CDS) reduces computed tomography (CT) use for children with minor head trauma.

Methods: Nonrandomized trial with concurrent controls at 5 pediatric emergency departments (PEDs) and 8 general EDs (GEDs) between November 2011 and June 2014. Patients were <18 years old with minor blunt head trauma.

Clinical Decision Support for a Multicenter Trial of Pediatric Head Trauma: Development, Implementation, and Lessons Learned.

Introduction: For children who present to emergency departments (EDs) due to blunt head trauma, ED clinicians must decide who requires computed tomography (CT) scanning to evaluate for traumatic brain injury (TBI). The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) derived and validated two age-based prediction rules to identify children at very low risk of clinically-important traumatic brain injuries (ciTBIs) who do not typically require CT scans. In this case report, we describe the strategy used to implement the PECARN TBI prediction rules via electronic health record (EHR) clinical decision support (CDS) as the intervention in a multicenter clinical trial.

Use of a remote clinical decision support service for a multicenter trial to implement prediction rules for children with minor blunt head trauma.

Objective: To evaluate the architecture, integration requirements, and execution characteristics of a remote clinical decision support (CDS) service used in a multicenter clinical trial. The trial tested the efficacy of implementing brain injury prediction rules for children with minor blunt head trauma.

Materials And Methods: We integrated the Epic(®) electronic health record (EHR) with the Enterprise Clinical Rules Service (ECRS), a web-based CDS service, at two emergency departments.

Informing the design of clinical decision support services for evaluation of children with minor blunt head trauma in the emergency department: a sociotechnical analysis.

Integration of clinical decision support services (CDSS) into electronic health records (EHRs) may be integral to widespread dissemination and use of clinical prediction rules in the emergency department (ED). However, the best way to design such services to maximize their usefulness in such a complex setting is poorly understood. We conducted a multi-site cross-sectional qualitative study whose aim was to describe the sociotechnical environment in the ED to inform the design of a CDSS intervention to implement the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) clinical prediction rules for children with minor blunt head trauma.

Using the electronic medical record to improve education in patients at risk for adrenal insufficiency.

Background. Adrenal insufficiency is a life-threatening event. It is recommended that patients with known adrenal insufficiency and their families receive careful and repeated education on sick-day glucocorticoid management.

Electronic health record-based decision support to improve asthma care: a cluster-randomized trial.

Objective: Asthma continues to be 1 of the most common chronic diseases of childhood and affects approximately 6 million US children. Although National Asthma Education Prevention Program guidelines exist and are widely accepted, previous studies have demonstrated poor clinician adherence across a variety of populations. We sought to determine if clinical decision support (CDS) embedded in an electronic health record (EHR) would improve clinician adherence to national asthma guidelines in the primary care setting.

Research subject enrollment by primary care pediatricians using an electronic health record.

Clinical research relies on enrollment of appropriate subjects. Individuals who hear about research from their clinician are more likely to participate. We developed two strategies for research subject enrollment using the EHR and its underlying data: pop-up alerts for clinicians, and patient lists for on-site research assistants.