Accuracy of fetal sex determination in the first trimester of pregnancy using 3D virtual reality ultrasound.

Purpose: Early detection of fetal sex is becoming more popular. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of fetal sex determination in the first trimester, using 3D virtual reality.

Methods: Three-dimensional (3D) US volumes were obtained in 112 pregnancies between 9 and 13 weeks of gestational age.

First-Trimester Detection of Surface Abnormalities: A Comparison of 2- and 3-Dimensional Ultrasound and 3-Dimensional Virtual Reality Ultrasound.

The aim was to determine the diagnostic performance of 3-dimensional virtual reality ultrasound (3D_VR_US) and conventional 2- and 3-dimensional ultrasound (2D/3D_US) for first-trimester detection of structural abnormalities. Forty-eight first trimester cases (gold standard available, 22 normal, 26 abnormal) were evaluated offline using both techniques by 5 experienced, blinded sonographers. In each case, we analyzed whether each organ category was correctly indicated as normal or abnormal and whether the specific diagnosis was correctly made.

First locus for primary pulmonary vein stenosis maps to chromosome 2q.

Aims: Primary pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is a rare cardiac abnormality that exhibits a high morbidity and mortality rate. The disease is characterized by obstruction of the pulmonary venous blood flow owing to congenital hypoplasia of individual extra-pulmonary veins. We describe a consanguineous Turkish family with four affected siblings with primary PVS in association with prenatal lymphatic abnormalities.