Education Research: Evaluating Medical Student Learning Preference and Its Relationship to Clerkship Satisfaction.

Background And Objectives: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and the Association of American Medical Colleges' commitment to competency-based medical education (CBME) has shifted the medical education landscape. Education methods conducive to CBME are learner-centered and give educators the opportunity to develop a more personalized approach to curricular development and delivery. By understanding learning preferences, educators are better positioned to respond to the changing needs of students.

Segregated in Life and Death: Arnold R. Rich and the Racial Science of Tuberculosis.

Arnold Rich (1893-1968) was an acclaimed pathologist and the first Jewish department chair at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. In his landmark text, The Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis, Rich continued to advance the concept of racial susceptibility to tuberculosis a decade after mainstream medicine recognized that environmental factors fueled the disease. While Rich fits into the historical narrative that embedded categories of race facilitated scientific racism, two characteristics unique to Rich help to explain why he persisted.

TRPV4 neuromuscular disease registry highlights bulbar, skeletal and proximal limb manifestations.

Dominant missense mutations of the calcium-permeable cation channel TRPV4 cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) type 2C and two forms of distal spinal muscular atrophy. These conditions are collectively referred to as TRPV4-related neuromuscular disease and share features of motor greater than sensory dysfunction and frequent vocal fold weakness. Pathogenic variants lead to gain of ion channel function that can be rescued by TRPV4 antagonists in cellular and animal models.

Cortical Laminar Necrosis After Severe Hydrocephalus: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Objectives: We present a case of cortical laminar necrosis after severe hydrocephalus to highlight considerations for multimodal cerebral autoregulation monitoring to determine mean arterial pressure (MAP) thresholds during neurological emergencies, as well as postoperative head imaging for patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPS).

Methods: A 40-year-old woman with a history of Chiari II malformation and non-communicating hydrocephalus with VPS presented in septic shock from a sacral wound. One week after colostomy for fecal diversion, the patient became comatose and had progressive slowing to full suppression on electroencephalogram (EEG).

TRPV4 mutations causing mixed neuropathy and skeletal phenotypes result in severe gain of function.

Objective: Distinct dominant mutations in the calcium-permeable ion channel TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4) typically cause nonoverlapping diseases of either the neuromuscular or skeletal systems. However, accumulating evidence suggests that some patients develop mixed phenotypes that include elements of both neuromuscular and skeletal disease. We sought to define the genetic and clinical features of these patients.

Use of white cell count, age, and presence of other injuries in stratifying risk of intracranial injury in pediatric trauma.

The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) Head Injury/Trauma Algorithm is a well-validated decision rule used to identify patients at low risk of clinically important traumatic brain injuries who may not need head CT. In adult patients with mild head trauma, elevated serum glucose and white cell count (WCC) have been associated with abnormal head CT findings. Currently, glucose or WCC is not considered in pediatric patients.