'Once that's worn off, we could discuss whether you need more': provider perspectives on communicating with patients and other providers about prescription opioids.

Background: Prescriber-patient communication plays a crucial role in understanding patients' needs, while reducing risks for developing an opioid use disorder (OUD), yet research on this is sparse. As such, the need to understand healthcare providers' skills, comfort, and confidence when discussing opioids with patients and other providers is an important step in balancing patients' needs from a pain perspective and risks from an OUD perspective.

Method: We interviewed 32 Massachusetts providers (physicians, physician associates, nurse practitioners, and dental practitioners) to assess their communication strategies with patients and other providers.

A new tool to capture dimensions of family dinners in relation to adolescent health and risk-related outcomes: The 'Family Dinner Index'.

There is a strong association between family meals and child and adolescent health. To systematically understand the associations between family meals with a variety of health and risk outcomes, we developed and conducted a validation study of child- and parent-versions of the Family Dinner Index (FDI; FDI-C/FDI-P). We validated the measures with a national sample of 2,090 parent-child dyads.

Anorexia nervosa and the COVID-19 pandemic among young people: a scoping review.

Background: The extent to which the recent global COVID-19 Pandemic has impacted young people with restrictive eating disorders [i.e., anorexia nervosa (AN) and atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN)] is unclear.

Spatial and Nonspatial Factors Associated with Access to Medication for Opioid Use Disorder among Pregnant Women in Massachusetts.

Introduction: In Massachusetts, one-third of pregnant women with opioid use disorder (OUD) do not receive medications for OUD (MOUD), such as buprenorphine and methadone. Research has demonstrated that broadly, access to medications differs by location and by socioeconomic and geographic characteristics of communities, but a comprehensive understanding at the micro-level is lacking. This study aims to identify and characterize access to MOUD treatment among pregnant women in Massachusetts.

"(Meth) Will Hurt You and Hurt Your Teeth": Teen, Parent, and Dental Practitioner Perspectives on Implementing Crystal Meth Use Prevention Messaging in the Dental Office Setting.

Objectives: Crystal methamphetamine ("meth") use among youth living in rural areas is higher than the national average. Given how drastically meth affects teeth (i.e.

Randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of a brief, communication-based, substance use preventive intervention for parents of adolescents: Protocol for the SUPPER Project (Substance Use Prevention Promoted by Eating family meals Regularly).

Background: Substance use among adolescents in the U.S. is associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes in the long-term.

Women-centered drug treatment models for pregnant women with opioid use disorder: A scoping review.

Background: While there is a high unmet need for drug treatment services tailored to the needs of pregnant women, fewer than half of the opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment programs in the U.S. offer such services.

Measuring Global Alcohol Health Literacy: A Narrative Review.

Objective: Studies assessing awareness and knowledge of alcohol-attributable causes of death and disease have been conducted across the globe to develop and evaluate public information campaigns to increase alcohol health literacy. Because of variation in measurement, the results of these studies cannot be easily compared to determine relative rates of high versus low alcohol health literacy across countries or regions. This review catalogs the samples and survey items that have been used and presents recommendations for how to improve alcohol health literacy survey research.

"Dying is Not a Fear": Teen and Parent Perspectives on Messaging to Prevent Crystal Meth Use Among Teens in Rural North Idaho.

Crystal methamphetamine ("meth") use is on the rise in the USA, having devastating effects on individuals and communities. Innovative prevention strategies are therefore critical. Through an exploratory qualitative study, we examined the perspectives and experiences of teenagers and parents around meth prevention messaging formats and strategies.

Positive Strategies to Enhance Problem-Solving Skills (STEPS): A Pilot Randomized, Controlled Trial of a Multicomponent, Technology-Enhanced, Customizable Antiretroviral Adherence Intervention for HIV-Infected Adolescents and Young Adults.

Adolescents are disproportionately impacted by HIV in the United States. Optimal effects from antiretroviral therapy (ART) can be achieved through stringent adherence to a daily medication regimen; for adolescents, this may be interrupted due to complex barriers unique to this age group. We previously conducted formative qualitative interviews with HIV-infected adolescents to identify key barriers facing adolescents regarding ART adherence and potential strategies to address these barriers.

'Hep C's like the common cold': understanding barriers along the HCV care continuum among young people who inject drugs.

Background: New highly effective medications are available to treat the hepatitis C virus (HCV). However, little is known about HCV treatment knowledge and readiness among young people who inject drugs (PWID), or factors that may contribute to treatment uptake and adherence in this treatment era.

Purpose: Using a framework for understanding healthcare utilization, we examined perspectives and experiences of young PWID tied to the HCV care continuum in Boston, Massachusetts, to inform future strategies.

Qualitative Comparison of Barriers to Antiretroviral Medication Adherence Among Perinatally and Behaviorally HIV-Infected Youth.

Medication adherence among youth living with HIV (28%-69%) is often insufficient for viral suppression. The psychosocial context of adherence barriers is complex. We sought to qualitatively understand adherence barriers among behaviorally infected and perinatally infected youth and develop an intervention specific to their needs.

Sociodemographic characteristics associated with frequency and duration of eating family meals: a cross-sectional analysis.

Introduction: Children who frequently eat family meals are less likely to develop risk- and behavior-related outcomes, such as substance misuse, sexual risk, and obesity. Few studies have examined sociodemographic characteristics associated with both meal frequency (i.e.

The Association Between Body Image and Behavioral Misperception (BIBM) and Alcohol Use Among High School Girls: Results From the 2013 Youth Risk Behavioral Survey.

Objective: The need to be thin is pervasive in adolescent culture and is associated with increased risk outcomes among adolescent girls. Body image and behavioral misperception (BIBM) exists when there is a disconnect between body weight perception and actions taken related to perceived weight status. To understand this further, we examined the relationship between BIBM and alcohol use among high school girls in the United States.

Trying to Lose Weight and Alcohol Misuse Among High School Girls: Findings From the U.S. National 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Survey.

Background: Trying to lose weight has been associated with alcohol use among college-aged females. Excessive drinking along with purging as a method for weight control has been documented in this population. However, little is known about the relationship between alcohol use and trying to lose weight among high school girls.

A systematic review of risk and protective factors associated with nonmedical use of prescription drugs among youth in the United States: a social ecological perspective.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the strongest and most consistent risk and protective factors associated with nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) in multiple contexts, specifically in community-, school-, interpersonal-, and individual-level domains.

Method: A literature search was conducted to review studies published from 2006 to 2012 that examined NMUPD among adolescents. Included were original research studies that focused specifically on risk and protective factors or review articles that included a section on factors associated with NMUPD.

Adaptation of an HIV Medication Adherence Intervention for Adolescents and Young Adults.

Rising rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among adolescents and young adults underscore the importance of interventions for this population. While the morbidity and mortality of HIV has greatly decreased over the years, maintaining high rates of adherence is necessary to receive optimal medication effects. Few studies have developed interventions for adolescents and young adults and none have specifically been developed for sexual minority (lesbian, gay, and bisexual; LGB) youth.

Are family meals as good for youth as we think they are? A review of the literature on family meals as they pertain to adolescent risk prevention.

Regular family meals have been shown to reduce adolescents' engagement in various risk behaviors. In this article, we comprehensively examine the literature to review the association between family meals and eight adolescent risk outcomes: alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and other drugs; aggressive and/or violent behaviors; poor school performance; sexual behavior; mental health problems; and disordered eating patterns. The majority of the studies reviewed found associations in the relationship between family meals and adolescents' risk profiles.

Risk factors for missed HIV primary care visits among men who have sex with men.

Benefits of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) depend on consistent HIV care attendance. However, appointment non-adherence (i.e.

Gender differences in the association between family conflict and adolescent substance use disorders.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were (1) to examine whether the association between childhood family conflict and the risk of substance use disorders (SUDs) in adolescence differs by gender, and (2) to determine whether anxious/depressive symptoms and conduct problems explain this association among adolescent males and females.

Methods: Data were obtained from 1,421 children aged 10-16 years at the time of enrollment in the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods. We assessed gender differences in the association between childhood family conflict and adolescent SUDs by fitting a logistic regression model that included the interaction of gender and family conflict.