Application of the seven-factor-model of personality to an italian preschool sample.

Objective: Advances in dimensional assessment of children in healthy and clinical populations has renewed interest in the study of temperament. Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) has shown high reliability and internal consistency. Adult and adolescent versions have been translated into a number of languages and validated in cross-cultural studies worldwide.

The Junior Temperament and Character Inventory: Italian validation of a questionnaire for the measurement of personality from ages 6 to 16 years.

The Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI) has been developed for the assessment of the personality in individuals 6 to 14 years old according to the psychobiological model of Cloninger. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of an Italian version of JTCI. The sample included 459 subjects ranging in age from 6 to 15.

Sleep disturbances and teacher ratings of school achievement and temperament in children.

Background: The current study examined the relationships between academic achievement, sleep, temperament and demographic-historical data in school-age children.

Methods: Teachers were asked to fill out the teacher temperament questionnaire and a form for school achievement, while mothers filled out a demographic-historical form and the sleep disturbance scale for children (SDSC), a 26-item questionnaire that consisted of six factors: difficulty in initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS), sleep breathing disorders (SBD), arousal disorders (DA), sleep-wake transition disorders (SWTD), disorders of excessive somnolence (DOES), sleep hyperhydrosis (SHY). From a sample of 380 school children, 264 (70%) were suitable for the analyses (141 M and 123 F aged 8-11 years, mean 9.