Food intake and meal pattern in IAPP knockout mice with and without infusion of exogenous IAPP.

Objective: The current study used islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) knockout mice (KO mice) to investigate the physiological role of IAPP in the regulation of food intake (FI).

Material And Methods: FI and body weight were measured in KO and wild-type (WT) mice for 27 weeks. In an additional short-term experiment, IAPP (25 pmol·kg(-1)min(-1)) was infused subcutaneously for 3 days in KO and WT mice, and FI, meal pattern, and body weight were analyzed.

PP56 improves energy homeostasis in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer.

In this study, we investigated whether the anti-inflammatory drug PP56 (alpha-trinositol) may improve cancer-induced metabolic disorders. We implanted human MiaPaCa2 pancreatic cancer cells in the pancreas of 14 athymic mice for 12 weeks, using six intact littermates as normal controls. During the 12 weeks, seven tumor-cell recipients were treated with PP56 by daily injection (PPT mice).

Increased lipid metabolism and cell turnover of MiaPaCa2 cells induced by high-fat diet in an orthotopic system.

In this study, we investigated whether increased dietary fat influences established pancreatic cancer cells. MiaPaCa2 human pancreatic cancer cells were grown orthotopically in athymic mice fed normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HF). In the resulting tumors, medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (MCAD, a regulator of fatty acid beta-oxidation) and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (an antioxidant enzyme) were determined using Western blotting.

Preoperative glucocorticoid administration attenuates the systemic stress response and hyperglycemia after surgical trauma in the rat.

The stress response to surgery is characterized by activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system, and by an inflammatory response and hyperglycemia. The aim of the present study was to investigate if preoperative corticosterone could reduce the postoperative systemic stress response, without aggravating hyperglycemia or interfering with activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, in a standardized rat model of surgical trauma. We used a standardized experimental model of intestinal resection in the rat.

Gastric emptying in response to IAPP and CCK in rats with subdiaphragmatic afferent vagotomy.

In the subdiaphragmatic vagal deafferentation procedure (SDA), the afferent fibers of the vagus are surgically severed unilaterally where they enter the brain stem. The technique includes a subdiaphragmal truncal vagotomy performed on the contralateral side. This procedure has been used to study the control of food intake, but it has not been used previously to investigate the role of vagal afferent fibers in the control of gastric emptying (GE).

Obesity alters cytokine gene expression and promotes liver injury in rats with acute pancreatitis.

Objective: Obesity is a negative prognostic factor in patients with critical illnesses such as acute pancreatitis (AP). The outcome of AP is determined by the severity of systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction. In a previous study, we found that AP caused more deaths in obese rats than in lean rats.

Comparison of the effects of chronic central administration and chronic peripheral administration of islet amyloid polypeptide on food intake and meal pattern in the rat.

Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is postulated to act as a hormonal signal from the pancreas to the brain to inhibit food intake and reduce adipose energy reserves. The present study compared the effects of chronic peripheral and chronic central administration of IAPP on food intake and meal pattern in rats. IAPP was administered subcutaneously (SC) for 7 days at doses of 0, 0.

mRNA for pancreatic uncoupling protein 2 increases in two models of acute experimental pancreatitis in rats and mice.

Uncoupling-protein 2 (UCP2) is a mitochondrial protein that appears to be involved in cellular oxidant defense and in the regulation of oncotic cell death, both of which are important features of acute pancreatitis. However, UCP2 expression in acute pancreatitis has not been previously reported. In the current experiments, pancreatic gene expression was studied by real-time reverse-transcription/polymerase chain reaction and Northern blots.

Impaired insulin action on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity and glucose transport in skeletal muscle of pancreatic cancer patients.

Introduction: Glucose intolerance or overt diabetes occurs in 80% of patients with pancreatic cancer (PC). This associated metabolic disorder includes peripheral insulin resistance, which may be caused by factors produced by the PC. The mechanism underlying PC-associated insulin resistance has not been clearly defined.

Early impairment of insulin secretion in rats after surgical trauma.

Objective: Hyperglycaemia associated with insulin resistance is common after trauma and surgical procedures. Both reduced insulin sensitivity and altered insulin secretion may contribute to the impaired glucose homeostasis. We have demonstrated that skeletal muscle insulin resistance is present 2 h after small intestinal resection in rats.