Comparison of microbiological and molecular diagnosis for identification of respiratory secondary infections in COVID-19 patients and their antimicrobial resistance patterns.

We report the use of a new multiplex Real-Time PCR platform to simultaneously identify 24 pathogens and 3 antimicrobial-resistance genes directly from respiratory samples of COVID-19 patients. Results were compared to culture-based diagnosis. Secondary infections were detected in 60% of COVID-19 patients by molecular analysis and 73% by microbiological assays, with no significant differences in accuracy, indicating Gram-negative bacteria as the predominant species.

The presence of Trichomonas vaginalis in urogenital samples can affect the sensitivity of Mycoplasma hominis identification techniques, leading to an underestimation of bacterial infections.

Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma hominis, two microorganisms causing infections of the urogenital tract, are closely associated in that they establish an endosymbiosis relationship, the only case among human pathogens. As a result, the presence of one microorganism may be considered a sign that the other is present as well. Identification of the two pathogens in clinical samples is based on cultivation techniques on specific media, even though in recent years, new sensitive and rapid molecular techniques have become.

Cultivation of Using Available In Situ Resources to Sustain Life on Mars.

The cultivation of cyanobacteria by exploiting available in situ resources represents a possible way to supply food and oxygen to astronauts during long-term crewed missions on Mars. Here, we evaluated the possibility of cultivating the extremophile cyanobacterium CCALA 050 under operating conditions that should occur within a dome hosting a recently patented process to produce nutrients and oxygen on Mars. The medium adopted to cultivate this cyanobacterium, named Martian medium, was obtained using a mixture of regolith leachate and astronauts' urine simulants that would be available in situ resources whose exploitation could reduce the mission payload.

Patterns of antibiotic resistance of Mycoplasma hominis endosymbiont of Trichomonas vaginalis and the influence of bacterial intracellular location on drug susceptibility.

Objectives: Mycoplasma hominis, an opportunistic pathogen of the human lower urogenital tract, can survive and replicate within the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis, establishing an endosymbiotic relationship. The intracellular location may provide a means for the bacteria to evade the immune system and protection from antimicrobial activities. Our aim was to investigate the influence of the endosymbiotic association of M.

and Mycoplasma girerdii in : Peaceful Cohabitants or Contentious Roommates?

is a pathogenic protozoan diffused worldwide capable of infecting the urogenital tract in humans, causing trichomoniasis. One of its most intriguing aspects is the ability to establish a close relationship with endosymbiotic microorganisms: the unique association of with the bacterium represents, to date, the only example of an endosymbiosis involving two true human pathogens. Since its discovery, several aspects of the symbiosis between and have been characterized, demonstrating that the presence of the intracellular guest strongly influences the pathogenic characteristics of the protozoon, making it more aggressive towards host cells and capable of stimulating a stronger proinflammatory response.

Characterization of nanomaterials synthesized from Spirulina platensis extract and their potential antifungal activity.

Nowadays, fungal infections increase, and the demand of novel antifungal agents is constantly rising. In the present study, silver, titanium dioxide, cobalt (II) hydroxide and cobalt (II,III) oxide nanomaterials have been synthesized from Spirulina platensis extract. The synthesis mechanism has been studied using GCMS and FTIR thus confirming the involvement of secondary metabolites, mainly amines.

Effect of the Symbiosis with and Mycoplasma Girerdii on Metronidazole Susceptibility.

Trichomoniasis, the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection worldwide, is caused by the protozoon The 5- nitroimidazole drugs, of which metronidazole is the most prescribed, are the only effective drugs to treat trichomoniasis. Resistance against metronidazole is increasingly reported among isolates. can establish an endosymbiosis with two species, and Mycoplasma girerdii, whose presence has been demonstrated to influence several aspects of the protozoan pathobiology.

Myrtle-Functionalized Nanofibers Modulate Vaginal Cell Population Behavior While Counteracting Microbial Proliferation.

Vaginal infections affect millions of women annually worldwide. Therapeutic options are limited, moreover drug-resistance increases the need to find novel antimicrobials for health promotion. Recently phytochemicals were re-discovered for medical treatment.

Two Different Species of Endosymbionts Can Influence Trichomonas vaginalis Pathophysiology.

Trichomonas vaginalis can host the endosymbiont Mycoplasma hominis, an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium capable of modulating T. vaginalis pathobiology. Recently, a new noncultivable mycoplasma, " Mycoplasma girerdii," has been shown to be closely associated with women affected by trichomoniasis, suggesting a biological association.

Paradigms of Protist/Bacteria Symbioses Affecting Human Health: and .

Ever since the publication of the seminal paper by Lynn Margulis in 1967 proposing the theory of the endosymbiotic origin of organelles, the study of the symbiotic relationships between unicellular eukaryotes and prokaryotes has received ever-growing attention by microbiologists and evolutionists alike. While the evolutionary significance of the endosymbiotic associations within protists has emerged and is intensively studied, the impact of these relationships on human health has been seldom taken into account. Microbial endosymbioses involving human eukaryotic pathogens are not common, and the sexually transmitted obligate parasite and the free-living opportunistic pathogen represent two unique cases in this regard, to date.

Impact of Symbiosis Between and on Vaginal Dysbiosis: A Mini Review.

The protozoon is responsible for trichomoniasis, a common sexually transmitted infection associated with an increased risk of HIV infection and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The protozoon has the surprising ability to establish a symbiotic relationship with other microorganisms. In fact, most isolates intracellularly host the vaginal bacterium and can harbor up to four dsRNA viruses.

Prevalence of double-stranded RNA virus in Trichomonas vaginalis isolated in Italy and association with the symbiont Mycoplasma hominis.

The flagellated protozoon Trichomonas vaginalis, responsible for trichomoniasis, can establish a symbiotic relationship with the bacterium Mycoplasma hominis and can harbor double-stranded RNA Trichomonasvirus (TVV). In this study, we investigated by real-time PCR the prevalence of the four TVVs and of M. hominis among 48 T.

Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma hominis: new tales of two old friends.

Trichomonas vaginalis is an anaerobic protist, responsible for the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infection in humans. One of the most intriguing aspects of T. vaginalis pathobiology is the complex relationship with intracellular microbial symbionts: a group of dsRNA viruses belonging to family of Totiviridae (T.

Transports Virulent and Transmits the Infection to Human Cells after Metronidazole Treatment: A Potential Role in Bacterial Invasion of Fetal Membranes and Amniotic Fluid.

is considered an opportunistic pathogen able to colonize the lower urogenital tract; in females the infection is associated with severe pregnancy and postpartum complications, including abortion, endometritis, preterm delivery, and low birth weight. Molecular mechanisms of pathogenicity and virulence effectors remain poorly characterized. A number of studies in the last decade have demonstrated that can establish an endosymbiotic relationship with , a urogenital parasitic protozoon, also associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Symbiotic Association with Mycoplasma hominis Can Influence Growth Rate, ATP Production, Cytolysis and Inflammatory Response of Trichomonas vaginalis.

The symbiosis between the parasitic protist Trichomonas vaginalis and the opportunistic bacterium Mycoplasma hominis is the only one currently described involving two obligate human mucosal symbionts with pathogenic capabilities that can cause independent diseases in the same anatomical site: the lower urogenital tract. Although several aspects of this intriguing microbial partnership have been investigated, many questions on the influence of this symbiosis on the parasite pathobiology still remain unanswered. Here, we examined with in vitro cultures how M.

Local control in breast cancer. Old and new lines and analysis of our experience.

The great interest in early breast cancer is caused by hope in the future of treating especially early cancers, extending the indications to a local conservative treatment of the breast with a more and more efficient general treatment. The GIVIO work has proved that the major part of Italian surgeons and gynaecologist don't accept the FIGO protocol. We report our experience (similar to the major part of general surgical division like GIVIO experience) and our results.

[The pre- and postoperative and follow-up use of the tumor markers MCA, CA-125 and CA-19-9].

The paper describes the authors' personal experience of the use of tumour markers, above all during postoperative follow-up as well as during the evaluation of the response to adjuvant and other forms of chemotherapy. The authors affirm that the use of these markers is fundamental for a correct evaluation and rapid treatment, above all in the identification and treatment of recidivation.

[Food habits].

This descriptive study presents a series of factors that can influence food habits, being the educational level the most important independent variable. The sample included families that had infants (1-2 years) and preschool children (2-6 years). These families belonged to all socio-economic levels, not being well represented the very high and the very low levels.