Attitudes of Swedish midwives towards management of extremely preterm labour and birth.

Objective: the aim of the study was to ascertain the attitudes of Swedish midwives towards management of very preterm labour and birth and to compare the attitudes of midwives at university hospitals with those at general hospitals.

Design: this cross-sectional descriptive and comparative study used an anonymous self-administrated questionnaire for data collection. Descriptive and analytic statistics were carried out for analysis.

Attitudes of midwives in Sweden toward a woman's refusal of an emergency cesarean section or a cesarean section on request.

Background: A woman's refusal or request for a cesarean section can be a problem for midwives and obstetricians working in maternity units. The objective of this study was to describe the attitudes of midwives in Sweden toward the obstetrician's decision making in relation to a woman's refusal of an emergency cesarean section and to a woman's request for a cesarean section without a medical indication.

Methods: The study has a cross-sectional multicenter design and used an anonymous, structured, and standardized questionnaire for data collection.

A theoretical model of parents' experiences of threat of preterm birth in Sweden.

Objective: to gain a deeper understanding of both parents' experiences during the mother's stay in hospital for threat of an early delivery and eventual preterm birth.

Design: explanatory design with separate interviews for mothers and fathers using the grounded theory method.

Setting: University Hospital in southern Sweden.

Sympathetic responsibility in ethically difficult situations.

Background: Ethical issues arise in many obstetric situations and demand constant consideration by obstetricians. The aim of this study was to highlight the meaning of being in an ethically difficult situation as narrated by obstetricians.

Methods: A descriptive design with a qualitative approach using a hermeneutic phenomenological method for analysis.