Evaluation of Toxicity and Oxidative Stress of 2-Acetylpyridine-(4)-orthochlorophenyl Thiosemicarbazone.

Thiosemicarbazones are well known for their broad spectrum of action, including antitumoral and antiparasitic activities. Thiosemicarbazones work as chelating binders, reacting with metal ions. The objective of this work was to investigate the , , and toxicity and oxidative stress of 2-acetylpyridine-(4)-orthochlorophenyl thiosemicarbazone (TSC01).

Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts derived from thymol: synthesis, in silico studies and biological activity against Giardia lamblia.

Giardiasis is a neglected disease, and there is a need for new molecules with less side effects and better activity against resistant strains. This work describes the evaluation of the giardicidal activity of thymol derivatives produced from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction. Thymol acrylate was reacted with different aromatic aldehydes, using 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.

Effect of p-cymene and rosmarinic acid on gastric ulcer healing - Involvement of multiple endogenous curative mechanisms.

Background: p-Cymene and rosmarinic acid are secondary metabolites found in several medicinal plants and spices. Previous studies have demonstrated their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytoprotective effects.

Purpose: To evaluate their gastroduodenal antiulcer activity, gastric healing and toxicity in experimental models.

Isopropyl Caffeate: A Caffeic Acid Derivative-Antioxidant Potential and Toxicity.

Phenolic compounds, among them isopropyl caffeate, possess antioxidant potential, but not without toxicity and/or adverse effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and toxicity of isopropyl caffeate through in silico, and testing. The results showed that isopropyl caffeate presents no significant theoretical risk of toxicity, with likely moderate bioactivity: GPCR binding, ion channel modulation, nuclear receptor binding, and enzyme inhibition.

Anxiolytic Effect of L. in Crack Users.

The objective of this study was to investigate the anxiolytic effects of the essential oil (EO) of L. in patients experiencing crack withdrawal. This was developed with internal users in therapeutic communities in Paraíba, Brazil.

Toxicological evaluation in silico and in vivo of secondary metabolites of Cissampelos sympodialis in Mus musculus mice following inhalation.

The ethanolic extract of the leaves of Cissampelos sympodialis showed great pharmacological potential, with inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities, however, it showed some toxicological effects. Therefore, this study aims to verify the toxicological potential of alkaloids of the genus Cissampelos through in silico methodologies, to develop a method in LC-MS/MS verifying the presence of alkaloids in the infusion and to evaluate the toxicity of the infusion of the leaves of C. sympodialis when inhaled by Swiss mice.

Reissek (Celastraceae) ethanol extract presents antidiarrheal activity antimotility and antisecretory mechanisms.

Aim: To investigate the acute toxicity, phytochemical profile, antidiarrheal activity and mechanisms of action of () ethanol extract.

Methods: A castor oil-induced diarrhea model was used to evaluate antidiarrheal activity. Intestinal transit and gastric emptying protocols were used to evaluate a possible antimotility effect.

In Silico Study and Bioprospection of the Antibacterial and Antioxidant Effects of Flavone and Its Hydroxylated Derivatives.

Flavonoid compounds are widely used as natural protective species, which can act as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticoagulant, antihypertensive and antitumor agents. This study set out to investigate the probable pharmacological activities, along with the antibacterial and antioxidant effects, of flavone and its hydroxy derivatives: 3-hydroxyflavone, 5-hydroxyflavone and 6-hydroxyflavone. To do so, we investigated their pharmacological characteristics, using in silico tests that indicate likelihood of activity or inactivity, with the PASS online software, and the antimicrobial potential against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria was also analyzed, including bacteria of clinical importance.

In silico and In vivo Toxicological Evaluation of Cissampelos Sympodialis Secondary Metabolites in Rattus Norvegicus.

Cissampelos sympodialis is a plant in northeastern Brazil used by the populace for treating respiratory diseases. Several studies have shown that ethanol leaf extracts have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. Infusions are widely used, popular, and an ancient technique in traditional medicine, using hot water alone as the means of extraction.

Secondary Metabolites from Cissampelos, A Possible Source for New Leads with Anti-Inflammatory Activity.

The genus Cissampelos comprises of 21 species which have a wide global distribution and various pharmacological activities such as analgesic and antipyretic, antiinflammatory, anti-allergic, bronchodilation, and immunomodulation among others. Several compounds, mainly alkaloids with differing biological activities have been isolated from this genus. We will highlight antipyretic activities, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, bronchodilatory, and immunomodulatory activities.

Iliac artery myointimal hyperplasia in rabbits submitted to angioplasty and treated with Moringa oleifera.

Objective: to assess post-angioplasty myointimal hyperplasia in iliac artery of rabbits treated with extract of Moringa oleifera leaves.

Methods: we conducted a randomized trial in laboratory animals for five weeks of follow-up, developed in the Vivarium of Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory of the Universidade Federal da Paraíba. We used rabbits from the New Zealand breed, subjected to a hypercholesterolemic diet and angioplasty of the external iliac artery, randomized into two groups: M200 Group (n=10) - rabbits treated with 200mg/kg/day of Moringa oleifera leaves extract orally; SF group (n=10) - rabbits treated with 0.

Anxiolytic Effect of Citrus aurantium L. on Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

The bone marrow aspiration procedure is used in hematological diseases and consists of a painful, invasive procedure causing anxiety-associated symptoms. The present study assessed the effect of Citrus aurantium L. essential oil on the treatment of anxiety, in the moment that precedes the collection of medullary material in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

Assessment of Pradosia huberi effects on the reproductive system of male rats.

Pradosia huberi is a species found in the Amazon region and used as an antiulcerogenic and gastroprotective agent; however, phytochemical analysis has revealed the presence of compounds with potential toxic effects on the reproductive system. For the evaluation of the toxicity of P. huberi on male fertility, male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: one control (distilled water p.

Activity of alkaloids on peptic ulcer: what's new?

Peptic ulcer is a common disease characterized by lesions that affect the mucosa of the esophagus, stomach and/or duodenum, and may extend into the muscular layer of the mucosa. Natural products have played an important role in the process of development and discovery of new drugs, due to their wide structural diversity and present, mostly specific and selective biological activities. Among natural products the alkaloids, biologically active secondary metabolites, that can be found in plants, animals or microorganisms stand out.

Histopathological and biochemical assessment of d-limonene-induced liver injury in rats.

The aim of the present work was to develop a biochemical, histologic and immunohistochemical study about the potential hepatotoxic effect of d-limonene - a component of volatile oils extracted from citrus plants. Blood alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) from d-limonene-treated animals were determined and compared to morphologic hepatic lesions in order to investigate the possible physiopathologic mechanisms involved in the liver toxicity, in experimental animals treated with d-limonene. Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups: two control groups (untreated or receiving only vehicle, tween-80); one positive control (vehicle); two experimental groups treated with d-limonene at doses of 25 mg/kg/day and 75 mg/kg/day for 45 days, and two other groups treated with the same doses for 30 days and kept under observation during 30 more days.

Matrix effect and optimization of LC-MSn determination of trachylobane-360 in mice blood.

Xylopia langsdorffiana A. St.-Hil.

Medicinal Plants and Other Living Organisms with Antitumor Potential against Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer is a disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. As a result, it is often associated with a significant amount of suffering and a general decrease in the quality of life. Herbal medicines are recognized as an attractive approach to lung cancer therapy with little side effects and are a major source of new drugs.

Traditional uses, chemical constituents, and biological activities of Bixa orellana L.: a review.

Bixa orellana L., popularly known as "urucum," has been used by indigenous communities in Brazil and other tropical countries for several biological applications, which indicates its potential use as an active ingredient in pharmaceutical products. The aim of this work was to report the main evidence found in the literature, concerning the ethnopharmacology, the biological activity, and the phytochemistry studies related to Bixa orellana L.

Evaluation of the toxicity of Pradosia huberi extract during the preimplantation in Wistar rats.

The treatment during the embryonic preimplantation phase of Wistar rats with the Pradosia huberi extract did not interfere with the water and feed consumption, as well as upon the body-weight gain. However, it has expressed a decrease of the uterine implant number, followed by the preimplantation losses at all applied doses (1.22, 6.

Effect of the yellow passion fruit peel flour (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa deg.) in insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Background: A study with the yellow passion fruit peel flour showed positive action in blood glucose control as therapies' adjuvant in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, we evaluated its effect on insulin sensitivity since there is a quest for studies that focus at better understanding of insulin resistance aspects in diabetic patients. Furthermore its relationship with chronic complications can also give good prospects for alternative treatments.

In vitro and in vivo antitumor effect of trachylobane-360, a diterpene from Xylopia langsdorffiana.

Trachylobane-360 (ent-7α-acetoxytrachyloban-18-oic acid) was isolated from Xylopia langsdorffiana. Studies have shown that it has weak cytotoxic activity against tumor and non-tumor cells. This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of trachylobane-360, as well as its cytotoxicity in mouse erythrocytes.

Blood matrix effects for male and female Wistar rats, in simultaneous HPLC-UV determination of riparin I and III from Aniba riparia (Nees) Mez. (Lauraceae).

Aniba riparia (Nees) Mez. (Lauraceae) is popularly known as "louro", and is found in Amazonia and in the Guianas, its distribution extends to the Andes. Alkamide alkaloids were isolated from its green fruit; they were denominated riparin I (methyl ether of N-benzoyl tyramine), riparin II (methyl ether of N-2-hydroxy-benzoyl tyramine) and riparin III (methyl ether of N-2,6-dihydroxy-benzoyl tyramine) in tribute to the plant.

Anti-inflammatory activity of alkaloids: an update from 2000 to 2010.

Many natural substances with proven anti-inflammatory activity have been isolated throughout the years. The aim of this review is to review naturally sourced alkaloids with anti-inflammatory effects reported from 2000 to 2010. The assays were conducted mostly in vivo, and carrageenan-induced pedal edema was the most used experimental model.

Azaphenanthrene alkaloids with antitumoral activity from Anaxagorea dolichocarpa Sprague & Sandwith (Annonaceae).

Phytochemical investigation of Anaxagorea dolichocarpa Sprague & Sandwith led to isolation of three azaphenanthrene alkaloids: eupolauramine, sampangine and imbiline 1. Their chemical structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data from IR, HR-ESI-MS, NMR (including 2D experiments) and comparison with the literature. Sampangine and imbiline 1 are being described in the Anaxagorea genus for the first time.

Non-pharmacological therapy and complementary and alternative medicine in fibromyalgia.

Fibromyalgia is a chronic painful syndrome that affects up to 5% of the world population. It is associated with sleep and mood disorders, fatigue, and functional disability. Its pathogenesis involves a disorder of the central modulation of pain, impairment of the descending inhibitory system, and hyperactivity of substance P.