Differences in CYP2C9 Genotype and Enzyme Activity Between Swedes and Koreans of Relevance for Personalized Medicine: Role of Ethnicity, Genotype, Smoking, Age, and Sex.

Global personalized medicine demands the characterization of person-to-person and between-population differences in drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. CYP2C9 pharmacokinetic pathway is subject to modulation by both genetic and environmental factors. CYP2C9 genotype-based dose recommendations (e.

CYP2C19 activity comparison between Swedes and Koreans: effect of genotype, sex, oral contraceptive use, and smoking.

Objectives: To compare CYP2C19 enzyme activity between Swedes and Koreans controlling for the effect of CYP2C19 genotype, sex, oral contraceptive use, and smoking habits.

Methods: CYP2C19 activity was determined in 185 healthy Swedish and 150 Korean subjects as the omeprazole/5-hydroxyomeprazole ratio (metabolic ratio; MR) using high-performance liquid chromatography. Genotyping was performed by PCR using Taqman assay.

Fluconazole-induced intoxication with phenytoin in a patient with ultra-high activity of CYP2C9.

Purpose: The cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2C9 metabolizes several important drugs, such as warfarin and oral antidiabetic drugs. The enzyme is polymorphic, and all known alleles, for example, CYP2C9*2 and*3, give decreased activity. Ultra-high activity of the enzyme has not yet been reported.