Molecular analysis of an oyster-related norovirus outbreak.

Background: Contaminated raw oysters were implicated in a severe outbreak of norovirus (NoV) gastroenteritis affecting 30 restaurant guests.

Objectives: To define the outbreak source by using molecular methods to characterize NoV strains detected in patient and oyster samples.

Study Design: Molecular epidemiological studies based on nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of patient and oyster NoV strains, and comparison to background dataset.

The new Swedish Post-Concussion Symptoms questionnaire: a measure of symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury and its concurrent validity and inter-rater reliability.

Objective: To study the concurrent validity and the inter-rater reliability of the Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire.

Design: The approach was to study the concurrent validity of the Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire when used as an interview questionnaire compared with a self-report questionnaire administered by the patients. The inter-rater reliability was also studied when 2 different raters administered the Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire interview.