Radiation Oncologists' Role in End-of-Life Care: A Perspective From Medical Oncologists.

Purpose: Multidisciplinary communication and collaboration are key to planning and delivering end-of-life care for patients with advanced and metastatic cancer. We sought to characterize medical oncologists' perspectives on the role of radiation oncologists in end-of-life care.

Materials And Methods: A sample of US medical oncologists was recruited using snowball sampling methods.

Association of Second-line Antidiabetic Medications With Cardiovascular Events Among Insured Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

Importance: Understanding cardiovascular outcomes of initiating second-line antidiabetic medications (ADMs) may help inform treatment decisions after metformin alone is not sufficient or not tolerated. To date, no studies have compared the cardiovascular effects of all major second-line ADMs during this early decision point in the pharmacologic management of type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To examine the association of second-line ADM classes with major adverse cardiovascular events.

Preventing Diabetes in Primary Care: Providers' Perspectives About Diagnosing and Treating Prediabetes.

Offering patient-centered care to prevent diabetes will require collaborative decision-making between patients with prediabetes and their health care providers. From the perspective of primary care providers, prediabetes detection should be targeted to patients who are most likely to benefit from diagnosis and treatment. Improving access to lifestyle intervention programs and educating providers about evidence-based treatments for prediabetes and how to effectively discuss treatment options with patients may improve both providers' and patients' engagement in diabetes prevention.

Correlates of second-line type 2 diabetes medication selection in the USA.

Objective: Past research provides insufficient evidence to inform second-line diabetes medication prescribing when metformin is no longer sufficient. We evaluated patient, prescriber, and health plan characteristics associated with selection of second-line diabetes medications in the USA.

Research Design And Methods: We used a multiple case-comparison study design to identify characteristics associated with the probability of starting each of six second-line diabetes medication alternatives within 77 744 adults enrolled in commercial or Medicare Advantage health plans from 2011 to 2015.

Patient Perceptions About Prediabetes and Preferences for Diabetes Prevention.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore how adults with prediabetes perceive their risk of developing diabetes and examine their preferences for evidence-based treatment options to prevent diabetes.

Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in 2 large Midwest primary care practices, involving in-depth semistructured interviews with 35 adult patients with prediabetes.

Results: This ethnically diverse (77% nonwhite) sample of middle-aged primary care patients exhibited multiple diabetes risk factors.

The State of Diabetes Prevention Policy in the USA Following the Affordable Care Act.

Type 2 diabetes is a major public health problem in the USA, affecting over 12 % of American adults and imposing considerable health and economic burden on individuals and society. There is a strong evidence base demonstrating that lifestyle behavioral changes and some medications can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in high risk adults, and several policy and healthcare system changes motivated by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) have the potential to accelerate diabetes prevention. In this narrative review, we (1) offer a conceptual framework for organizing how the ACA may influence diabetes prevention efforts at the level of individuals, healthcare providers, and health systems; (2) highlight ACA provisions at each of these levels that could accelerate type 2 diabetes prevention nationwide; and (3) explore possible policy gaps and opportunity areas for future research and action.