Right common carotid artery crossing the midline neck anterior to the trachea: a cadaver case report.

Background: The course of the proximal common carotid artery is reasonably uniform. Its normal position is taken for granted when performing invasive procedures, but variations should be in back of the mind of the surgeon.

Methods: This is a case report from an anatomical dissection of the neck and mediastinum of a cadaver.

Conjugated linoleic acid isomers have no effect on atherosclerosis and adverse effects on lipoprotein and liver lipid metabolism in apoE-/- mice fed a high-cholesterol diet.

Dietary supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown, in several animal models, to decrease the development of atherosclerosis. The mechanism behind the anti-atherogenic properties of CLA is not clear. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of CLA on atherosclerosis, lipoprotein and liver lipid metabolism, and plasma adiponectin and insulin in apoE(-/-) mice fed an atherogenic (16%, w/w fat; 1.

Metabolism of dietary cetoleic acid (22:1n-11) in mink (Mustela vison) and gray seals (Halichoerus grypus) studied using radiolabeled fatty acids.

Cetoleic acid (22:1n-11) is a good indicator of diet in marine predators and has proven to be an important fatty acid (FA) when using adipose tissue FA composition to study diet in marine mammals and seabirds. Feeding studies have shown that 22:1 isomers are predictably underrepresented in adipose tissue relative to diet, implying that metabolism within the predator strongly influences the relationship between the level of these FAs in diet and adipose tissue. Fully understanding such metabolic processes for individual FAs is important for the quantitative estimation of predator diets.

The maxillary line: anatomic characterization and clinical utility of an important surgical landmark.

Objectives: The maxillary line is a mucosal projection along the lateral nasal wall that serves as a landmark for endoscopic sinus and orbital procedures. The anatomic relations of this structure are not well described. We sought to define the anatomy of the maxillary line and explore its clinical utility.

Dynamics of blood chylomicron fatty acids in a marine carnivore: implications for lipid metabolism and quantitative estimation of predator diets.

Blubber fatty acid(s) (FA) signatures can provide accurate estimates of predator diets using quantitative FA signature analysis, provided that aspects of predator FA metabolism are taken into account. Because the intestinal absorption of dietary FA and their incorporation into chylomicrons (the primary transport lipoproteins for dietary FA in the blood) may influence the relationship between FA composition in the diet and adipose tissue, we investigated the metabolism of individual FA at these early stages of assimilation. We also investigated the capacity of chylomicron signatures to provide quantitative estimates of prey composition of an experimental meal.

Demonstration of the deposition and modification of dietary fatty acids in pinniped blubber using radiolabelled precursors.

Radioisotopes are commonly used to study the in vivo metabolism and deposition of dietary fatty acids in adipose tissue. The application of this approach to pinnipeds is problematic because of their large mass and blubber fat content. We have developed a method where labelled lipids can be fed to seals at financially feasible levels, with the radioactivity in individual fatty acids isolated from blubber detected with standard laboratory equipment.

A comparative study of surgical techniques on the cervicomental angle in human cadavers.

Background: The cervicomental (CM) angle is formed by the horizontal plane of the submental region and the vertical plane of the neck.

Objective: To compare the 2-dimensional effect of 4 surgical techniques on the CM angle in a human cadaver model.

Design: Anatomic presurgical and postsurgical comparative study performed on human cadavers preserved with ethylene glycol.