Photoacoustic imaging of a cyanine dye targeting bacterial infection.

The development of a non-invasive infection-specific diagnostic probe holds the potential to vastly improve early-stage detection of infection, enabling precise therapeutic intervention and potentially reducing the incidence of antibiotic resistance. Towards this goal, a commercially available bacteria-targeting Zinc(II)-dipicolylamine (ZnDPA)-derived fluorophore, PSVue794, was assessed as a photoacoustic (PA) imaging probe (PIP). A radiolabeled version of the dye, [Tc]Tc-PSVue794, was developed to facilitate quantitative biodistribution studies beyond optical imaging methods, which showed a target-to-non-target ratio of 10.

Efficacy of Intralesional Measles Mumps Rubella Vaccine in the Treatment of Verruca Vulgaris: An Interventional Study.

Background A wart is a mucocutaneous illness caused by the growth of HPV-infected skin or mucosal cells. Intralesional immunotherapy makes use of the immune system's ability to identify injected antigens, which might cause a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction not just to the antigen but also to the wart virus. This, in turn, improves the immune system's ability to identify and eliminate HPV not just at the treated wart but also at distant places, as well as prevent recurrences.

Eponymous Signs in STIs.

Eponymous medical signs are those that are named after a person or persons, usually the physicians who first described them, as a tribute to the pioneers in the field who have significantly contributed toward the present understanding of the subject. They also help in providing an easy milieu for remembering the particulars of disease with their diagnostic significance including signs, tests, criteria, laws, or reflexes. Besides paying tributes to stalwarts in the field, who dedicated their lives for this cause, they also facilitate our current understanding of the great masquerade.

A Comparative Study of Intralesional Vitamin D3, Measles Mumps Rubella Vaccine, and Tuberculin Purified Protein Derivative in the Treatment of Recalcitrant Warts: An Approach to Solve a Therapeutic Conundrum.

Background: Human papilloma virus infects and proliferates in skin or mucosal cells to cause warts. Most of the current therapeutic modalities are ablative, act only on treated lesions, and lack a well-defined treatment endpoint. These being blind procedures, recurrence rates are high, owing to the remnant virus.

Behcet disease - A nonvenereal cause of genital ulceration.

Behcet's disease (BD) is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory vascular disease with no diagnostic or pathognomonic test. Here, we present a case of 26-year-old male with a complaint of recurrent oral, genital, and cutaneous lesions. The diagnosis of BD was confirmed on the basis of revised the International Criteria for BD.

Hypertrophic lichen planus of the vulva - A missed diagnosis.

Lichen planus (LP) is an inflammatory dermatosis which can affect the skin, nails, and all mucous membranes, including the genitalia. Lichen planus on vulvar keratinized skin can manifest with diverse clinical features, probably due to higher temperature, PH, humidity, and bacterial flora which may modify typical cutaneous features. While lichen planus (LP) may affect the vulva in isolation, it may also be part of generalized outbreak in up to 20% cases.

Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists and Leprologists (IADVL) Task Force against Recalcitrant Tinea (ITART) Consensus on the Management of Glabrous Tinea (INTACT).

Background And Aims: Dermatophytosis has always been a common superficial mycosis in India. However, the past 6-7 years have seen an unprecedented increase in the number of patients affected by recurrent, chronic, recalcitrant and steroid modified dermatophytosis involving the glabrous skin (tinea corporis, tinea cruris and tinea faciei). Importantly, there has been a notable decrease in clinical responsiveness to commonly used antifungals given in conventional doses and durations resulting in difficult-to-treat infections.

Verrucous lesions over external genitalia as a presenting feature of pemphigus vegetans.

Pemhigus vegetans is a rare variant of pemphigus vulgaris which primarily occurs in the flexures of the body. We report a case of pemphigus vegetans in an 85-year-old female presenting with hypertrophic verrucous lesions over external genitalia and perianal region. There was no history of preceding oral lesions.

Genital lichen planus: An underrecognized entity.

Genital lichen planus (LP) is an underrecogonized dermatosis. The appearance is often unlike classical LP elsewhere, and hence, the condition goes undiagnosed in many. Vulvo-vaginal LP in particular, can be a distressing condition often leading to scarring and a poor quality of life.

Genital lichen sclerosus et atrophicus in females: An update.

Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus is an acquired chronic inflammatory dermatosis commonly affecting the vulvar and perianal regions. It is associated with an increased risk of vulvar cancer even though it is not a premalignant condition itself. The true precursor of cancer associated with lichen sclerosus (LS) is vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN), differentiated type.

Multiple pruritic plaques on scrotum-what is your diagnosis?

Differential diagnosis of genital lesions must include venereal and nonvenereal dermatosis. Atypical manifestations of common dermatosis exclusively over scrotum pose diagnostic challenge and histopathology plays a crucial role in such cases.

Epidemiological, clinical, and immunological profile of cases at the time of HIV testing (a clinic-based observational cross-sectional study).

Introduction: With the availability of free antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV/AIDS has become a chronic manageable disease, but its transmission still continues. Early testing, though desirable, is still a far-fetched goal.

Materials And Methods: Forty-six newly detected HIV cases attending skin and sexually transmitted disease (STD) outpatient department (OPD) were studied.

Perigenital warty lesions-what is your diagnosis?

Perigenital warty lesions can be of diverse origin. An attempt should be made to rule out sexually transmitted disease (STD). If the diagnosis is not settled, biopsy may clinch the diagnosis.

Association of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist intron 2 variable number of tandem repeats polymorphism with vitiligo susceptibility in Gujarat population.

Background: Vitiligo is a multifactorial, polygenic, autoimmune skin disorder caused by selective destruction of melanocytes. Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist intron 2 polymorphism was found to be associated with various autoimmune disorders.

Aims: We aimed to investigate the association of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist intron 2 variable number of tandem repeats polymorphism (rs2234663) with vitiligo to assess interleukin 1 receptor antagonist transcript levels and to perform possible genotype-phenotype correlation.