[Insurants' Views on Different Forms of Medical Rehabilitation - A Qualitative Study].

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess insurants' views on various forms of medical rehabilitation of the German Federal Pension Insurance (DRV).

Methods: In ten focus groups, participants (n=78, 65% female, M=52.2 years) discussed the advantages and disadvantages of inpatient rehabilitation, outpatient rehabilitation, rehabilitation parallel to work, and case management.

Content comparison of guideline-recommended instruments used in treatment for alcohol use disorders.

Purpose: Practice guidelines recommend the use of standardized instruments in the treatment of alcohol use disorders (AUDs); however, the extent to which these instruments assess patients' functioning is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the domains of functioning and contextual factors contained in guideline-recommended instruments, using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) as a reference.

Materials And Methods: We identified instruments by reviewing AUD treatment guidelines used in Germany, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, United Kingdom, and United States.

Women outperform men in distinguishing between authentic and nonauthentic smiles.

Women tend to be more accurate in decoding facial expressions than men. We hypothesized that women's better performance in decoding facial expressions extends to distinguishing between authentic and nonauthentic smiles. We showed participants portrait photos of persons who smiled because either they saw a pleasant picture (authentic smile) or were instructed to smile by the experimenter (nonauthentic smile) and asked them to identify the smiles.

[Participation restrictions in substance use disorders : Registration by screening and assessment instruments].

Background: Substance use disorders can contribute to severe participation restrictions. Whether these participation restrictions are covered by assessment instruments that are frequently used in addiction treatment services is not known. The international Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a framework to compare the content of different assessments.

Patient Preferences and Shared Decision Making in the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Shared Decision Making (SDM) as means to the involvement of patients in medical decision making is increasingly demanded by treatment guidelines and legislation. Also, matching of patients' preferences to treatments has been shown to be effective regarding symptom reduction. Despite promising results for patients with substance use disorders (SUD) no systematic evaluation of the literature has been provided.