Intended and Actual Participation in the Colorectal Cancer Screening Program.

Background: The public generally has a positive view of colorectal cancer screening, but there is still room for improvement in participation rates. The aim of this study was to identify factors that are associated with intended and actual participation.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of a random sample of insurees of the AOK (a statutory health insurance carrier) in the German federal state of Lower Saxony.

Bridging the gap - estimation of 2022/2023 SARS-CoV-2 healthcare burden in Germany based on multidimensional data from a rapid epidemic panel.

Objectives: Throughout the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, Germany like other countries lacked adaptive population-based panels to monitor the spread of epidemic diseases.

Methods: To fill a gap in population-based estimates needed for winter 2022/23 we resampled in the German SARS-CoV-2 cohort study MuSPAD in mid-2022, including characterization of systemic cellular and humoral immune responses by interferon-γ-release assay (IGRA) and CLIA/IVN assay. We were able to confirm categorization of our study population into four groups with differing protection levels against severe COVID-19 courses based on literature synthesis.

Is there a place for sigmoidoscopy in colorectal cancer screening? A systematic review and critical appraisal of cost-effectiveness models.

Introduction: Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) is effective in reducing both incidence and mortality. Colonoscopy and stool tests are most frequently used for this purpose. Sigmoidoscopy is an alternative screening measure with a strong evidence base.

Demystifying a buzzword: Use of the term "human-animal-interface" in One Health oriented research based on a literature review and expert interviews.

As of today, 75% of infectious human diseases are caused by zoonotic pathogens, which use the interface between humans and animal species to cross. Due to this ability, zoonoses affect more than just one health sector and the effective control is a matter of the One Health concept. One defining feature of this concept is the "human-animal-interface".

Attributes in stated preference elicitation studies on colorectal cancer screening and their relative importance for decision-making among screenees: a systematic review.

Introduction: The SIGMO study (Sigmoidoscopy as an evidence-based colorectal cancer screening test - a possible option?) examines screening eligible populations' preferences for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in Germany using a discrete choice experiment (DCE). Attribute identification and selection are essential for the construction of choice tasks and should be evidence-based. As a part of the SIGMO study this systematic review provides an overview of attributes included in studies eliciting stated preferences for CRC screening tests and their relative importance for decision-making.

Heterogeneous Preferences for Colorectal Cancer Screening in Germany: Results of a Discrete Choice Experiment.

Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening tests differ in benefits, harms, and processes, making individual informed decisions preference based. The objective was to analyze the preferences of insurees in Germany for characteristics of CRC screening modalities.

Methods: A generic discrete choice experiment with 2-alternative choice sets and 6 attributes (CRC mortality, CRC incidence, complications, preparation, need for transportation, and follow-up; 3 levels each) depicting characteristics of fecal testing, sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy was generated.

Attributes Characterizing Colorectal Cancer Screening Tests That Influence Preferences of Individuals Eligible for Screening in Germany: A Qualitative Study.

Purpose: This qualitative study is part of the SIGMO study, which evaluates general populations' preferences for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in Germany using a discrete choice experiment. Attribute identification and selection are essential in the construction of choice tasks and should be evidence-based ensuring that attributes are relevant to potential beneficiaries and contribute to overall utility. Therefore, this qualitative study aims to identify relevant attributes characterizing CRC screening tests from the perspective of those eligible for screening in Germany.

Additional offer of sigmoidoscopy in colorectal cancer screening in Germany: rationale and protocol of the decision-analytic modelling approach in the SIGMO study.

Introduction: In Germany, statutory insured persons are entitled to a stool test (faecal immunochemical test (FIT)) or colonoscopy for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, depending on age and sex, yet participation rates are rather low. Sigmoidoscopy is a currently not available screening measure that has a strong evidence base for incidence and mortality reduction. Due to its distinct characteristics, it might be preferred by some, who now reject colonoscopy.

Long-Term Effects of Integrated Strategies of Community Health Promotion on Diabetes Mellitus Mortality: a Natural Policy Experiment Based on Aggregated Longitudinal Secondary Data.

Integrated strategies of community health promotion (ISCHP) are based on intersectoral collaborations using the Health in All Policies approach to address determinants of health. While effects on health determinants have been shown, evidence on the effectiveness of ISCHP on health outcomes is scarce. The aim of this study is to assess the long-term effects of ISCHP on diabetes mellitus mortality (DMM) in German communities.

Public Preferences for Exit Strategies From COVID-19 Lockdown in Germany-A Discrete Choice Experiment.

To decrease the rapid growth of SARS-CoV-2 in Germany, a stepped lockdown was conducted. Acceptance and compliance regarding entering and exiting lockdown measures are key for their success. The aim of the present study was to analyse the population's preferences for exiting lockdown measures.

Comparing different data sources by examining the associations between surrounding greenspace and children's weight status.

Background: Studies on the association between surrounding greenspace and being overweight in childhood show inconsistent results, possibly because they differ widely in their definition and measurement of surrounding greenspace. Our aim was to evaluate whether the association of greenspace with being overweight depends on the measurement of greenspace in different data sources.

Methods: Based on data from the school entry examinations of 22,678 children in the city of Hannover, Germany, from 2010 to 14, the association between greenspace availability and overweight was examined.

General populations' preferences for colorectal cancer screening: rationale and protocol for the discrete choice experiment in the SIGMO study.

Introduction: In Germany, the organised colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programme includes the immunologic faecal occult blood test and colonoscopy. The sigmoidoscopy is recommended for individuals rejecting colonoscopy but is not included into the screening programme. To examine whether the evidence based sigmoidoscopy should be additionally offered, the first objective of this study is to evaluate the demand for sigmoidoscopy by analysing the German general populations' preferences for CRC screening.

Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions targeted at COVID-19 pandemic on influenza burden - a systematic review.

Objectives: To better understand the impact of comprehensive COVID-19 targeted non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on influenza burden worldwide.

Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search in selected databases (PubMed, WHO COVID-19), preprint servers (medRxiv, bioRxiv) and websites of European Public Health institutes. Documents that compared influenza estimates in the 2019/2020 season with previous seasons were included.

Built Environment and Childhood Weight Status: A Multi-Level Study Using Population-Based Data in the City of Hannover, Germany.

In recent years, built environmental characteristics have been linked to childhood overweight, but the results remain inconsistent across studies. The present study examines associations between several built environmental features and body weight status (BMI) z-score among a large sample of preschool children in the city of Hannover, Germany. Walkability (Index), green space availability, and playground availability related to preschool children's home environments were measured using data from OpenStreetMap (OSM).

Physicians' view on sigmoidoscopy as an additionally offered method for colorectal cancer screening.

Background:  In Germany, colorectal cancer (CRC) screening includes a fecal blood test or colonoscopy, but not a sigmoidoscopy, which has been shown to reduce CRC incidences and mortality. Our aim was to compile physicians' experiences with sigmoidoscopy and their assessments of this procedure being an additional, possible screening method for early CRC detection.

Methods:  At the end of 2015, gastroenterologists and internists in Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia who regularly perform screening colonoscopies in outpatient care were contacted per mail.

Systematic evaluation of written health information on PSA based screening in Germany.

Background: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) based screening for early detection of prostate cancer is common although it is associated with both benefits and potential harms (e.g., the risk of overdiagnosis).

Patient-rated importance of key information on screening colonoscopy in Germany: a survey of statutory health insurance members.

Background: Primary colonoscopic screening is considered to be of great benefit but also has the potential to cause severe harm. Thus, eligible subjects should be supported in making an informed choice whether to participate.

Objectives: To identify information on screening colonoscopy that colonoscopy-naïve subjects rate as particularly important for decision making.

[Factors Associated with Behavioral Problems in Pre-School Age: Secondary Data Analysis of Routine Examination at School Enrolment 2010/2014 in the Hannover Region].

Background And Aim: Mental health and the prevalence of behavioral problems in children and adolescents has been gaining increasing concern in the last years. Several studies have addressed this issue in Germany. The aim of the study presented here is to examine factors associated with behavioral problems in pre-school children with focus on untreated morbidity.

Migration background and childhood overweight in the Hannover Region in 2010-2014: a population-based secondary data analysis of school entry examinations.

Unlabelled: Overweight and obesity constitute a global epidemic with rates that are increasing rapidly in children. The aim of the present study was to examine ethnic differences in the prevalence of overweight in pre-school children in a multicultural context. Data were collected from a compulsory school entry examination in the Hannover Region, Germany (n = 50,716) from 2010 to 2014.

[Differences Between Self- and Proxy-Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease].

Objective: The self-assessment of health-related quality of life (HrQoL) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment is commonly higher than the proxy-assessment by caregivers. This study aims at evaluating sociodemographic and clinical factors to explain this difference.

Methods: HrQoL of 241 community-dwelling patients was analysed using the dementia-specific Quality of Life-Alzheimer's Disease questionnaire (QoL-AD).

Independent Pre-Transplant Recipient Cancer Risk Factors after Kidney Transplantation and the Utility of G-Chart Analysis for Clinical Process Control.

Background: The aim of this study is to identify independent pre-transplant cancer risk factors after kidney transplantation and to assess the utility of G-chart analysis for clinical process control. This may contribute to the improvement of cancer surveillance processes in individual transplant centers.

Patients And Methods: 1655 patients after kidney transplantation at our institution with a total of 9,425 person-years of follow-up were compared retrospectively to the general German population using site-specific standardized-incidence-ratios (SIRs) of observed malignancies.

Communicating the benefits and harms of colorectal cancer screening needed for an informed choice: a systematic evaluation of leaflets and booklets.

Objective: Evidence-based health information (EBHI) can support informed choice regarding whether or not to attend colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. The present study aimed to assess if German leaflets and booklets appropriately inform consumers on the benefits and harms of CRC screening.

Methods: A systematic search for print media on CRC screening was performed via email enquiry and internet search.