Pathological changes or technical artefacts? The problem of the heterogenous databases in COVID-19 CXR image analysis.

Background: When the COVID-19 pandemic commenced in 2020, scientists assisted medical specialists with diagnostic algorithm development. One scientific research area related to COVID-19 diagnosis was medical imaging and its potential to support molecular tests. Unfortunately, several systems reported high accuracy in development but did not fare well in clinical application.

POLCOVID: a multicenter multiclass chest X-ray database (Poland, 2020-2021).

The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has put healthcare systems worldwide to their limits, resulting in increased waiting time for diagnosis and required medical assistance. With chest radiographs (CXR) being one of the most common COVID-19 diagnosis methods, many artificial intelligence tools for image-based COVID-19 detection have been developed, often trained on a small number of images from COVID-19-positive patients. Thus, the need for high-quality and well-annotated CXR image databases increased.

Electrochemical, Photochemical, and Photoelectrochemical Treatment of Sodium -Cumenesulfonate.

The degradation of sodium -cumenesulfonate (SCS) by electrochemical, photochemical, and photoelectrochemical methods in aqueous solution of NaClO, NaCl, and NaClO has been studied. It was found that as a result of NaClO electroreduction and photodecomposition, the ions Cl and ClO are formed. These ions undergo transformations into radicals, mainly Cl, Cl, ClO, ClO, and ClO, due to electrochemical and photochemical reactions.