Apnea After 2-Month Vaccinations in Hospitalized Preterm Infants: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Preterm infants are recommended to receive most vaccinations at the same postnatal age as term infants. Studies have inconsistently observed an increased risk for postvaccination apnea in preterm infants.

Objective: To compare the proportions of hospitalized preterm infants with apnea and other adverse events in the 48 hours after 2-month vaccinations vs after no vaccinations.

Safety of Simultaneous vs Sequential mRNA COVID-19 and Inactivated Influenza Vaccines: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Limited randomized clinical trial data exist on the safety of simultaneous administration of COVID-19 and influenza vaccines.

Objective: To compare the reactogenicity, safety, and changes in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after simultaneous vs sequential receipt of messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccine and quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted between October 8, 2021, and June 14, 2023, at 3 US sites.

Morbidity, mortality and costs associated with venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with cancer.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) represents a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with cancer.

Methods: Hospitalization data reported on adult cancer patients at US medical centers between 1995 and 2012 were analyzed. Cancer diagnosis, presence of VTE, comorbidities, and infectious complications were based on ICD-9-CM codes.

Analysis of Factors Associated With In-hospital Mortality in Lung Cancer Chemotherapy Patients With Neutropenia.

Lung cancer, compared with other solid tumors, is associated with high mortality rates from febrile neutropenia. The risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality were identified and compared for patients with lung cancer and patients with other solid tumors. Hospitalization data from the University Health Consortium database inclusive of 2004 to 2012 were analyzed.

A Patient Risk Model of Chemotherapy-Induced Febrile Neutropenia: Lessons Learned From the ANC Study Group.

Neutropenia and its complications, including febrile neutropenia (FN), represent major toxicities associated with cancer chemotherapy, resulting in considerable morbidity, mortality, and costs. The myeloid growth factors such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) have been shown to reduce the risk of neutropenia complications while enabling safe and effective chemotherapy dose intensity. Concerns about the high costs of these agents along with limited physician adherence to clinical practice guidelines, resulting in both overuse and underuse, has stimulated interest in models for individual patient risk assessment to guide appropriate use of G-CSF.

Predictors of Venous Thromboembolism and Early Mortality in Lung Cancer: Results from a Global Prospective Study (CANTARISK).

Background: Patients with lung cancer are known to be at increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Venous thromboembolism is associated with increased risk for early mortality. However, there have been no studies performing a comprehensive assessment of risk factors for VTE or early mortality in lung cancer patients undergoing systemic chemotherapy in a global real-world setting.

Risk of chemotherapy-induced neutropenic complications when treating patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Introduction: Myelosuppression induced by cancer chemotherapy is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Febrile neutropenia (FN) represents an oncologic emergency requiring immediate evaluation and treatment. Resulting chemotherapy dose reductions or delays may compromise disease control and survival.

The impact of chemotherapy dose intensity and supportive care on the risk of febrile neutropenia in patients with early stage breast cancer: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a major dose-limiting toxicity of cancer chemotherapy resulting in considerable morbidity, mortality, and cost. This study evaluated the time course of neutropenic events and patterns of supportive care interventions in patients receiving chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer treated in oncology community practices.

Methods: A prospective cohort study of adult cancer patients initiating a new chemotherapy regimen was conducted at 115 US sites.

Patterns of chemotherapy-associated toxicity and supportive care in US oncology practice: a nationwide prospective cohort study.

Neutropenic complications remain an important dose-limiting toxicity of cancer chemotherapy-associated with considerable morbidity, mortality, and cost. Risk of the initial neutropenic event is greatest during the first cycle. The purpose of this study was to better understand timing of neutropenic events in relation to delivered chemotherapy dose intensity and utilization of supportive care during cancer treatment.

Risk factors for in-hospital mortality and prolonged length of stay in older patients with solid tumor malignancies.

Objective: Hospitalized adult patients with cancer and with major comorbidities have higher mortality rates and longer duration of hospitalization. There is limited understanding of risk factors that contribute to prolonged hospitalization and mortality in older patients with solid tumors.

Materials And Methods: Risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality and prolonged length of stay (LOS) in older patients with cancer were investigated in a retrospective cohort study.

Predictors of reduced relative dose intensity and its relationship to mortality in women receiving multi-agent chemotherapy for epithelial ovarian cancer.

Objective: There is limited information concerning the role of relative dose intensity (RDI) on clinical outcomes in solid tumors. The objectives of our study were to evaluate the prognostic significance of RDI and predictors of reduced RDI in women with newly diagnosed advanced stage epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) treated with platinum-based chemotherapy.

Methods: A multi-center retrospective study of women with FIGO stage III-IV epithelial ovarian cancer treated postoperatively with multi-agent intravenous chemotherapy between 1995 and 2009 was conducted.

Predictors of severe and febrile neutropenia during primary chemotherapy for ovarian cancer.

Objective: To identify factors that increase the risk of neutropenic events in women with advanced ovarian carcinoma receiving initial chemotherapy.

Methods: Multi-center retrospective study of women with FIGO stage III-IV epithelial ovarian cancer treated postoperatively with multi-agent intravenous chemotherapy from 1995 to 2008. Outcomes were severe (SN; absolute neutrophil count [ANC]<500/mm(3)) and febrile neutropenia (FN; ANC<1000/mm(3) and temperature>38.

Predicting individual risk of neutropenic complications in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy.

Background: A prospective cohort study was undertaken to develop and validate a risk model for neutropenic complications in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.

Methods: The study population consisted of 3760 patients with common solid tumors or malignant lymphoma who were beginning a new chemotherapy regimen at 115 practice sites throughout the United States. A regression model for neutropenic complications was developed and then validated by using a random split-sample selection process.

Acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome in randomized controlled clinical trials of cancer chemotherapy with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: a systematic review.

Purpose: To evaluate the risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and overall mortality in patients receiving chemotherapy with or without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted.

Methods: Electronic databases searched through October 2008 identified 3,794 articles for initial screening. Eligibility included solid tumor or lymphoma patients randomly assigned to chemotherapy with or without G-CSF support, > or = 2 years of follow-up, and reporting AML/MDS or all second malignancies.

Dose intensity and hematologic toxicity in older breast cancer patients receiving systemic chemotherapy.

Background: This prospective study evaluated patient and treatment characteristics that contributed to hematologic toxicity in older breast cancer patients treated with curative intent in the community setting.

Methods: Data were collected on 1224 patients with stage I through III breast cancer, of whom 207 were aged > or =65 years (grading determined according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system). Primary outcome measures included anemia, thrombocytopenia, severe neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, and both planned and actual relative dose intensity (RDI).

Variation in the cost of medications for the treatment of colorectal cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the economic burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment on the healthcare system as treatment costs have risen 340-fold during the past 5 years.

Study Design: Nationwide registry.

Methods: Patients with CRC (N = 421) were selected from an observational prospective patient registry of US oncology clinics.

Risk and timing of neutropenic events in adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: the results of a prospective nationwide study of oncology practice.

This study was undertaken to describe the relationship between the occurrence and timing of neutropenic events and chemotherapy treatment in a community-based population of patients with cancer. The study included 2962 patients with breast, lung, colorectal, lymphoma, and ovarian cancers from a prospective U.S.

Dose intensity and hematologic toxicity in older cancer patients receiving systemic chemotherapy.

Background: This prospective study was undertaken to evaluate patient and treatment characteristics that contribute to hematologic toxicity in older cancer patients.

Methods: A nationwide study of 115 community oncology practices was conducted between 2002 and 2005 with data collected on 976 patients who had received chemotherapy for common malignancies, including lung cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, genitourinary cancer, and lymphoma. Primary outcomes included severe neutropenia (SN) and febrile neutropenia (FN).

Social and racial differences in selection of breast cancer adjuvant chemotherapy regimens.

Purpose: Breast cancer outcomes are worse among black women and women of lower socioeconomic status. The purpose of this study was to investigate racial and social differences in selection of breast cancer adjuvant chemotherapy regimens.

Methods: Detailed information on patient, disease, and treatment factors was collected prospectively on 957 patients who were receiving breast cancer adjuvant chemotherapy in 101 oncology practices throughout the United States.

Effect of patient socioeconomic status and body mass index on the quality of breast cancer adjuvant chemotherapy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and the use of intentionally reduced doses of chemotherapy in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: Patients with breast cancer treated with a standard chemotherapy regimen (n = 764) were enrolled in a prospective registry after signing informed consent. Detailed information was collected on patient, disease, and treatment, including chemotherapy doses.