Closed-loop auditory stimulation of slow-wave sleep in chronic insomnia: a pilot study.

Insomnia is a prevalent and disabling condition whose treatment is not always effective. This pilot study explores the feasibility and effects of closed-loop auditory stimulation (CLAS) as a potential non-invasive intervention to improve sleep, its subjective quality, and memory consolidation in patients with insomnia. A total of 27 patients with chronic insomnia underwent a crossover, sham-controlled study with 2 nights of either CLAS or sham stimulation.

All-night spectral and microstate EEG analysis in patients with recurrent isolated sleep paralysis.

The pathophysiology of recurrent isolated sleep paralysis (RISP) has yet to be fully clarified. Very little research has been performed on electroencephalographic (EEG) signatures outside RISP episodes. This study aimed to investigate whether sleep is disturbed even without the occurrence of a RISP episode and in a stage different than conventional REM sleep.

Measuring the Physical Activity of Seniors before and during COVID-19 Restrictions in the Czech Republic.

Social workers require a better understanding of the impact of pandemic measures on the level of physical activity of their clients to better target client activation. In this retrospective tracker-based study (two years of measurement), we examined changes in the physical activity of the elderly population (204 participants with an average age of 84.5 years) in the Czech Republic as a result of measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19.

Apnea Detection in Polysomnographic Recordings Using Machine Learning Techniques.

Sleep disorders are diagnosed in sleep laboratories by polysomnography, a multi-parameter examination that monitors biological signals during sleep. The subsequent evaluation of the obtained records is very time-consuming. The goal of this study was to create an automatic system for evaluation of the airflow and SpO2 channels of polysomnography records, through the use of machine learning techniques and a large database, for apnea and desaturation detection (which is unusual in other studies).

Real-Time Excitation of Slow Oscillations during Deep Sleep Using Acoustic Stimulation.

Slow-wave synchronous acoustic stimulation is a promising research and therapeutic tool. It is essential to clearly understand the principles of the synchronization methods, to know their performances and limitations, and, most importantly, to have a clear picture of the effect of stimulation on slow-wave activity (SWA). This paper covers the mentioned and currently missing parts of knowledge that are essential for the appropriate development of the method itself and future applications.

Objective rapid eye movement sleep characteristics of recurrent isolated sleep paralysis: a case-control study.

Study Objectives: Recurrent isolated sleep paralysis (RISP) is a rapid eye movement (REM) parasomnia characterized by a dissociative state with characteristics of REM sleep and wakefulness. Pathophysiology has not yet been clarified and very little research has been performed using objective polysomnographic measures with inconsistent results. The main aim of our study was to find whether higher REM sleep fragmentation is consistent with the theory of state dissociation or whether signs of dissociation can be detected by spectral analysis.

Simultaneous fMRI-EEG-Based Characterisation of NREM Parasomnia Disease: Methods and Limitations.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques and electroencephalography (EEG) were used to investigate sleep with a focus on impaired arousal mechanisms in disorders of arousal (DOAs). With a prevalence of 2-4% in adults, DOAs are significant disorders that are currently gaining attention among physicians. The paper describes a simultaneous EEG and fMRI experiment conducted in adult individuals with DOAs (n=10).

Artifacts in Simultaneous hdEEG/fMRI Imaging: A Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction Approach.

Simultaneous recordings of electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are at the forefront of technologies of interest to physicians and scientists because they combine the benefits of both modalities-better time resolution (hdEEG) and space resolution (fMRI). However, EEG measurements in the scanner contain an electromagnetic field that is induced in leads as a result of gradient switching slight head movements and vibrations, and it is corrupted by changes in the measured potential because of the Hall phenomenon. The aim of this study is to design and test a methodology for inspecting hidden EEG structures with respect to artifacts.