[Evaluation of prostate cancer progression].

Prostate cancer occures in male, especially over 65 year old. It develops usually in the peripheral zone, less commonly in central or transitional ones. The neoplasm screening bases on clinical digital rectal examination and serum level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA).

Incidence of spinal perineurial (Tarlov) cysts among East-European patients.

The spinal perineurial cyst (Tarlov) is a dilatation between the perineurium and endoneurium of spinal nerve roots, located at level of the spinal ganglion and filled with cerebrospinal fluid but without communication with the perineurial subarachnoid space. The aim of the study was to evaluate it incidence among East-European patients. The retrospective data collected during various magnetic resonance spinal examinations and stored on the picture archiving and communication system was analyzed for an incidence of perineurial cysts.

[Diagnostic imaging of the prostate cancer].

Diagnosis of the prostate cancer is based on clinical, biochemical and histological examinations, as well as various imaging techniques. From the last listed group, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides precise identification of focal areas and local staging of the cancer. It improves evaluation of the local extracapsular extension and involvement of regional lymph nodes, which has significant implications for a patient management.

[Epidemiology and risk factors of the prostate cancer].

Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy of male genital organs. The etiology of the disease is complex and remains mainly unclear. The only established risk factors are advancing age, ethnicity and genetics, including changing in expression of ELAC2, RNASEL, MSR1 and HOXB13 genes as well as low number of CAG repeats in the androgen receptor gene.

Diagnostic difficulties resulting from morphological image variation in spondylodiscitis MR imaging.

Background: Spinal infection (discitis; spondylodiscitis) presents a wide spectrum of pathologies. The method of choice for spondylodiscitis imaging is magnetic resonance (MR). It provides detailed anatomical information, especially concerning epidural space and spinal cord.

[Epidemiology and risk factors of the cervical squamous cell carcinoma].

Neoplasm of the cervix, especially squamous cell cancer, is one of the most common malignancy of female genital organs. It etiology is complex; however, human papilloma virus (mostly HPV type 18, 16 and 45) infection seems to be the most important one. Other risk factors include: early sexual initiation, multiple pregnancies and labors, concomitant infections (Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhea, HSV2 - herpes simplex virus) of the genital tract, AIDS, immunosuppressive therapy, smoking and low socioeconomic status.

Usefulness of magnetic resonance in evaluation of cervical cancer progression.

Magnetic resonance belongs to a group of modern diagnostic methods which, together with classic gynecological, transvaginal ultrasound and histopathological examinations, should be routinely used in patients with suspicion or diagnosed cervical malignancies. The procedure allows precise localization and staging of the tumor as well as evaluation of the volume of the local lymph nodes. Obtained data are useful in selection of optimal therapy and evaluation of cancer progression.