Magnetic resonance imaging and endorectal ultrasound for diagnosis of rectal lesions.

Endorectal ultrasonography (ERUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allow exploring the morphology of the rectum in detail. Use of such data, especially assessment of the rectal wall, is an important tool for ascertaining the perianal fistula localization as well as stage of the cancer and planning it appropriate treatment, as stage T3 tumors are usually treated with neoadjuvant therapy, whereas T2 tumors are initially managed surgically. The only advantage of ERUS over MRI is the possibility of assessing T1 tumors that could be treated by transanal endoscopic microsurgery.

[Retroperitoneal fibrosis--possible cause of hypertension].

The purpose of this study is to show the case of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis, which clinically manifests itself as hypertension. The property of this disease described for the first time by Ormond is pathological deposition of connective tissue in retroperitoneal space. In this particular case hypertension develops as the result of renal hypoperfusion and subsequent activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, caused by hydronephrosis and compression of renal vessels by pathologic tissue.