Effect of the Addition of Inorganic Fillers on the Properties of Degradable Polymeric Blends for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Bone tissue exhibits self-healing properties; however, not all defects can be repaired without surgical intervention. Bone tissue engineering offers artificial scaffolds, which can act as a temporary matrix for bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to manufacture scaffolds made of poly(lactic acid), poly(ε-caprolactone), poly(propylene fumarate), and poly(ethylene glycol) modified with bioglass, beta tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and/or wollastonite (W) particles.

Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Porous Polymer-Blended Scaffolds Functionalized with Tricalcium Phosphate.

Bone tissue is one of the most transplanted tissues. The ageing population and bone diseases are the main causes of the growing need for novel treatments offered by bone tissue engineering. Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds, as artificial structures that fulfil certain characteristics, can be used as a temporary matrix for bone regeneration.

Disparities in Screening for Colorectal Cancer Based on Limited Language Proficiency.

Background: This study analyzes the association between limited language proficiency and screening for colorectal cancer.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study from the 2015 sample of the National Health Interview Survey database utilizing univariate and multivariate regression analysis. The study population includes subjects between 50 and 75 years of age.

Correlation of Tumor Response Between Flexible Sigmoidoscopy and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Retrospective Review.

Background: The National Accreditation Program for Rectal Cancer recommends a pelvic MRI to assess the response to neoadjuvant therapy for advanced rectal cancers. However, there is no single restaging modality that can identify all patients with complete tumor response. At our institution, we perform both a pelvic MRI and a flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS) after neoadjuvant therapy prior to surgical resection.

Use of Botulinum Toxin Injections for the Treatment of Chronic Anal Fissure: Results From an American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Survey.

Background: Chronic anal fissure (CAF) is commonly treated by colorectal surgeons. Pharmacological treatment is considered first-line therapy. An alternative treatment modality is chemical sphincterotomy with injection of botulinum toxin (BT).

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocols. Does Frailty Play a Role?

Introduction: The 5-modified frailty index (mFI) is a valid predictor of 30-day mortality after surgery. With the wide implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols in colorectal patients, the predictive power of frailty and its contribution to morbidity and length of stay (LOS) can be underestimated.

Methods: We reviewed all colectomy patients undergoing ERAS protocol at a single, tertiary care institution from January 2016-January 2019.

Protocol-Based Intravenous Fluid Hydration for Newly Created Ileostomies Decreases Readmissions Secondary to Dehydration.

Background: Newly created ileostomies often result in patient readmission due to dehydration secondary to high ostomy output. Implementation of a mandatory home intravenous hydration protocol can avoid this. We aim to evaluate the impact of mandatory home intravenous hydration for patients with newly created ileostomies.

Feasibility assessment of outpatient colorectal resections at a tertiary referral center.

Purpose: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols, particularly when paired with advanced laparoscopy, have reduced recovery time following colorectal procedures. The aim of this study was to determine if length of stay (LOS) could be reduced to an overnight observation stay (< 24 h) with comparable perioperative morbidity. The secondary aim was to establish predictive factors contributing to early discharge.

Preclinical evaluation of the versius surgical system, a new robot-assisted surgical device for use in minimal access general and colorectal procedures.

Objective: To evaluate the utility of a new robot-assisted surgical system (the Versius Surgical System, CMR Surgical, Cambridge, UK) for use in minimal access general and colorectal surgery, in a preclinical setting. Robot-assisted laparoscopy has been developed to overcome some of the important limitations of conventional laparoscopy. The new system is designed to assist surgeons in performing minimal access surgery and overcome some of the challenges associated with currently available surgical robots.

Robotic Combined Anterior & Posterior Repair of a Rectal Prolapse, Rectocele, and Sigmoidocele with a Mesh.

Rectal prolapse (RP) is often seen in patients over the age of fifty, particularly women. These patients frequently suffer from other concomitant pathologies like rectocele, sigmoidocele, cystocele, or even enterocele. Rectopexy with a mesh has been an established treatment for rectal prolapse.

Modified frailty index predicts early outcomes after colorectal surgery: an ACS-NSQIP study.

Aim: Frailty is defined as a decrease in physiological reserve with increased risk of morbidity following significant physiological stressors. This study examines the predictive power of the five-item modified frailty index (5-mFI) in predicting outcomes in colorectal surgery patients.

Methods: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database was queried from 2011 to 2016 to determine the predictive power of 5-mFI in patients who had colorectal surgery.

Rectal Cancer Complete Response Outcomes in a Community-Based Hospital Comparable with Large Cancer Centers When Multidisciplinary Approach to Rectal Cancer Is Used.

Achievement of pathologic complete response (pCR) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer correlates with improved prognosis relative to non-pCR counterparts. Such correlations are not well established in the context of a community-based hospital. This study aims to examine pCR rates, recurrences, and survival data for locally advanced rectal cancer patients in community settings.

Rectal Dissection Simulator for da Vinci Surgery: Details of Simulator Manufacturing With Evidence of Construct, Face, and Content Validity.

Background: Apprenticeship in training new surgical skills is problematic, because it involves human subjects. To date there are limited inanimate trainers for rectal surgery.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to present manufacturing details accompanied by evidence of construct, face, and content validity for a robotic rectal dissection simulation.

Wide local excision of perianal Paget's disease with gluteal flap reconstruction: an interdisciplinary approach.

Perianal Paget's disease (PPD) is an extremely rare condition characterized as intraepithelial adenocarcinoma of unclear etiology. It can be either primary or secondary. The disease typically presents as an eczema-like, erythematous, and painful skin lesion that is associated with pruritus.

The Impact of Obesity on the Perioperative, Clinicopathologic, and Oncologic Outcomes of Robot Assisted Total Mesorectal Excision for Rectal Cancer.

Purpose: To analyze the feasibility and outcomes of robotic rectal cancer surgery in obese patients.

Methods: From 2005 to 2012, 101 consecutive rectal cancers operated robotically were enrolled in a prospective database. Patients were stratified into obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and non-obese (BMI < 30 kg/m2) groups.

Sphincter-Sparing Anal Fistula Repair: Are We Getting Better?

Background: Sphincter-sparing repairs are commonly used to treat anal fistulas with significant muscle involvement.

Objective: The current study evaluates the trends and efficacy of sphincter-sparing repairs and determines risk factors for fistula recurrence.

Design And Settings: A retrospective review was performed at 3 university-affiliated teaching hospitals.