[Dyslipidemias in school-age chilean children: prevalence and associated factors].

Introduction: Dyslipidemias are a key cardiovascular risk factor, and are increased since early childhood. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence, characteristics of dyslipidemias and associated factors in a population of Chilean children.

Methods: Cross-sectional study done in school-age children from Santiago, Chile (2009-2011).

[Relationship between fetus growth and maternal anthropometrics in Uruguay].

Background: There are no data available about the combined influence of the pregestational body mass index (PG-BMI) and the gestational weight gain (GWG) on the birth-weight (<3000 g, ≥4000 g) in Uruguay.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of different categories of PG-BMI and GWG and then find out combined and independent risk at birth: <3000 g or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and ≥ 4000 g (macrosomia) on a nationwide sample of mothers and newborns.

Methods: Cohort study with prospective data from 23,832 pregnant women, with classification of the pregestational nutrition status according to the US PG-BMI pattern.

Maternal body composition near term and birth weight.

Objective: To assess the relative influence of maternal body composition at late gestation on birth weight.

Methods: Maternal body composition was estimated in 224 women near term using a deuterium dilution technique. Using a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, we studied the association with birth weight of eight factors, including maternal fat-free mass and fat mass.

Growth failure prediction in Chile.

The purpose of this investigation was to develop screening instruments for the prediction of infants' growth failure. Biological and social variables of subjects attending public clinics in Santiago, Chile, were prospectively collected and screened as possible risk factors of being underweight/age at the end of the first year of life using three methodologies. Methodologies used were: simple relative risk, logistic regression, and classification and regression trees.

Effect of a milk-based food supplement on maternal nutritional status and fetal growth in underweight Chilean women.

The effects on pregnancy outcome and maternal iron status of powdered milk (PUR) and a milk-based fortified product (V-N) were compared in a group of underweight gravidas. These take-home products were distributed during regular prenatal visits. Women in the V-N group had greater weight gain (12.

Validation of the deuterium dilution technique for the measurement of fluid intake in infants.

The validity of the deuterium dilution technique as a method of measuring fluid intake was investigated by comparing values obtained with this technique and direct measurements of milk intake in 10 exclusively bottle-fed infants recovering from protein-energy malnutrition. Values for total body water were derived from body weight and length using Friis-Hansen's formula. During a 15-d period, average daily milk intake, measured with the deuterium technique, ranged between 519 and 963 ml and was similar to values obtained by direct measurement (range 531-1002 ml).