Possible link between familial susceptibility to cancer and the level of oxidative stress in thyroid cancer patients.

Background: Hereditary cancer is estimated to account for up to 10% of the worldwide cancer burden; 5% of all thyroid cancers are thought to be genetic. Inheritance of a deleterious mutation in genes associated with a high lifetime risk of developing cancer. Cancer-predisposing genes can promote the initiation and progression of thyroid cancer by enhancing the activation of major signaling pathways through oxidative stress mechanisms.

Finding possible diagnostic markers for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid tumors on example investigate of rheological properties1.

Background: The functioning of the thyroid gland is a multi-component process that in some conditions may undergo alterations. The thyroid gland is part of the endocrine system that produces the iodine-containing hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Thyroid hormones, control metabolism and energy, growth processes, maturation of tissues and organs, regulation of blood flow, and, therefore, providing vital functions of the body.

Possible Markers for Distinguishing benign and Malignant Thyroid Tumors and Predicting Malignancy in Patients with Genetic Predisposition to Cancer.

Background: We hypothesized that mutations in several genes disrupt oxidative metabolism, increasing the risk of developing tumors and their malignancy in patients with a family predisposition to cancer. The purpose of our study was to assess the characteristics of oxidative metabolism in patients with malignant and benign tumor with and without a family history of cancer and identify the marker predicting the likelihood of malignancy.

Methods: We conducted a study on patients with thyroid pathology (thyrotoxicosis, benign tumor pathology of the thyroid gland, and thyroid cancer) who underwent treatment at LLC "Oncology Scientific Research Center" in Tbilisi, Georgia between 2020-2021.

Local drug delivery system for the treatment of tongue squamous cell carcinoma in rats.

The present study describes a local drug delivery system with two functions, which can suppress tumor growth and accelerate wound healing. Thе system consists of a two-layer multicomponent fibrin-based gel (MCPFTG). The internal layer of MCPFTG, which is in direct contact with the wound surface, contains cisplatin placed on a CultiSpher-S collagen microcarrier.

CURRENT CONDITION AND CHALLENGES IN TREATMENT OF NON-HEALING WOUND AFTER RADIATION THERAPY (REVIEW).

Radiotherapy is a common cancer treatment, but often together with tumor cells, the surrounding normal tissues are damaged as well, which leads to the complications such as skin atrophy, soft tissue fibrosis, desquamation, epithelial ulceration which leads to poor healing of wounds. In this review, our main attention will be paid to the treatment of non-healing wound after radiation therapy. Irradiated wounds are often resistant to conventional treatment modalities and may often require surgical reconstructive intervention.

[EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF THE EXTENDED-COMBINED OPERATIONS ON THE ZONES OF PRE- AND PARATRACHEAL METASTASIS IN SUBGLOTTIC CANCER OF THE LARYNX].

After a retrospective study of the history of patients with a diagnosis of laryngeal cancer (2151 people), as well as the analysis of their own clinical materials, subglottic cancer was found in 103 patients, which was 4.8% of the total number of patients admitted to the hospital. One group of patients (n=39) underwent laryngectomy with subsequent irradiation, another group (n=64) was carried out by us developed and introduced into practice the method of the extended-combined laryngectomy.

USE OF PERFUSION MRI FOR DETERMINATION OF IRRADIATION VOLUMES IN RADIOTHERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH BRAIN GLIOMA.

Objective - to assess how rCBV maps correlate with irradiation treatment plans in patients with recurrent tumor in order to identify potential differences and optimize treatment planning. 11 patients with brain HGG have taken participation in this study. Study was conducted in Radiation Medicine Center and Scientific Research Institute of Clinical Medicine.

Reconstruction of mandibular defects with autogenous bone and decellularized bovine bone grafts with freeze-dried bone marrow stem cell paracrine factors.

The gold standard following segmental mandibulectomy is vascularized autologous bone graft in the form of the fibula flap. However, in bone reconstruction the use of autogenous bone does not always guarantee a successful outcome. The aim of the present investigation was to develop a novel biologically active bone (BAB) graft, and to use it for the reconstruction of large size defects of the mandible bone following tumor resection.

Phase 1 Trial of Autologous Bone Marrow Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury.

Introduction. A total of 18 patients, with complete motor deficits and paraplegia caused by thoracic and lumbar spine trauma without muscle atrophy or psychiatric problems, were included into this study. Materials and Methods.

Clinical application of decellularized and lyophilized human amnion/chorion membrane grafts for closing post-laryngectomy pharyngocutaneous fistulas.

Background And Objectives: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common pathological type among the cancers of the larynx. Standard treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx is the combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and laryngectomy. Pharyngocutaneous fistula is a common complication of laryngectomy.

Benign osteoblastoma of the mandible in a 12-year-old female: A case report.

Benign osteoblastoma refers to a benign tumor of the bone. Osteoblastoma most commonly affects the vertebrae and long tubular bones, however, in rare cases is observed in the facial bones. The current study presents the case of a 12-year-old female patient with a tumor in the mandibular body.

Functional state of red blood system as a possible predictor of individual radiosensitivity and carcinogenesis.

Functional state of the red blood system is being studied in patients with adenoma and carcinoma of thyroid gland. The aim of this study was to determine the possible predictors of the individual radiosensitivity and the probability of developing cancer on the basis of the comparable characteristic of functional state of the red blood system in patients with adenoma and carcinoma of thyroid gland. Functional state of the red blood system is being studied in patients with adenoma and carcinoma of thyroid gland.

Correction of diabetes mellitus by transplanting minimal mass of syngeneic islets into vascularized small intestinal segment.

Transplantation of mature islets into portal vein has been most effective thus far, although attrition of transplanted islets constitutes a major limitation, and alternative approaches are required. We analyzed the mechanisms by which islets engrafted, vascularized and functioned over the long term in the small intestinal submucosa. To determine engraftment, survival and function, 350 syngenic islets were transplanted into either intestinal segments or portal vein of diabetic rats.

Combined development of thyroid gland and reproductive system benign diseases.

The aim of the study is to establish the role of endocrine disturbances in development of malignant tumors in patients with thyroid gland and reproductive system pathology. We studied 207 patients with synchronic and metachronic development of thyroid gland and reproductive system benign tumors. The patients' average age was 35-58 years.

Novelties in treatment approach of poly-neoplasias developed during thyroid pathologies.

In publication were discussed pathogenic mechanisms which are developed during concordance of malignant tumors of thyroid gland and reproductive systems and dishormonal hyperplasias, also functional disturbances which accompany thyroid gland diseases and principles of treatment during synchronic and metachronic manifestations. The treatment of polyneoplasias by "neurotransmitive control" is proposed. Importance of thyroid suppressive therapy was assessed.

Peculiarities of synchronic and metachronous malignant tumors of reproductive system in thyroid gland cancer.

The aim of our study was to establish a reliable method for the evaluation of mechanisms of tumor development and early diagnostics of tumors of the breast and female genital organs in patients with thyroid gland cancer. For this purpose 29 female patients with thyroid gland cancer and different accompanied diseases of reproductive tract system have been studied for six months. During this period patients' clinical, hormonal and ultrasonographyc indicators were analyzed.

About mechanisms of multiple cancer development.

The article discusses the possible pathogenic mechanisms of breast and thyroid malignancy as simultaneously developed diseases. The goal of this article was to reveal the frequency of breast cancer among patients with thyroid malignancy; to study the role of thyroid disorders in development of breast cancer; to determine the effectiveness of conservative medical management of thyroid gland after radical surgical treatment of thyroid cancer in prevention of breast cancer. Interaction of breast and thyroid malignancy was studied.

Suppressive therapy after surgical treatment of thyroid gland cancer in patients with mastopathy.

State of lactation system during oncological disorders of thyroid gland is one of the poorly studied topics of modern medicine. Controversy in clinical and experimental data creates the need of performing studies in this direction. The goal of this study is to investigate determining pathogenic mechanisms of thyroid and lactation systems.

[The local and general complications after the lower lip cancer treatment].

The aim of our research was to analyze general and local complications during the restoration-reconstruction operations in patients with epidermoid cancer on a lower lip. We have analyzed 61 patients' histories who were treated at the department of head and neck tumors of A. Gvamichava National Center of Oncology during 1990-2000.

Establishing of the first private autologous cord blood bank in Georgia at the German-Georgian Specialized Oncological Clinic.

German-Georgian Specialized Oncological Clinic is a private clinic located in Tbilisi, Georgia. Close collaboration with German clinics and research laboratories has enabled the clinic to study cord blood hematopoietic stem cells. These studies created a scientific basis for establishing a cord blood bank.

[About correlation of dysfunction of the thyroid gland with fibrocystic diseases in women].

The reference data contain a lot of information on the interrelation between destroying of a thyroid gland and fibrocystic diseases. However contradictions in these data proves that this issue is not solved completely. The aim of the given study was the investigation of interrelations between frequency of occurrence of pathology of a functional condition of the thyroid gland and the frequency of occurrence of fibrocystic diseases.

[Evaluation of effectiveness of radiation therapy for regional control in supraglottic larynx cancer].

The supraglottic cancer is characterised by high incidence of regional metastasis significantly worsening the prognosis. Working out of an adequate regional control represents the one of the important problems. The aim of the study was the evaluation of pre-operative radiation therapy in 331 patients with N-negative supraglottic cancer.

[Methods of preventive treatment of the regional metastases in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity].

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiency of different methods of preventive treatment considering the incidence of regional metastases and survival rate in squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity. 139 patients were evaluated who were treated at the National Center of Oncology during 1985-2002. According to study results, the following was concluded: the preventive treatment is reasonable in mentioned tumors for regional control, which allows decrease of regional metastases incidence and improves the 2-year survival rates; the surgical method is most preferable among the preventive methods of treatment.

[Features of regional spread of supraglottic larynx cancer].

Development of adequate methods for surgical regional control in supraglottic cancer is one of the most important issues in the management of this disease. The retrospective analysis of 863 patients with supraglottic cancer was conducted. The main clinical and pathological factors influencing the metastatic process were studied.

[Plastic surgery of the cervical segment of the esophagus using free autologous transplant of a fragment of the small intestine].

The article presents an experience with the treatment of patients with malignancy of the larynx, laryngopharynx and cervical part of the esophagus with a free autotransplant of the small intestine using a microsurgical technique for reestablishment of the arterial and venous blood circulation in the transplant. On the basis of the postmortem material the advantage of using the initial part of the jejunum were revealed. Experimental studies for the development of the microsurgery technique allowed the authors to propose some methodical means specially for the above operations.