Protein and Oil Contents, Micro- and Macronutrients, and Other Quality Indicators of Soybean Cultivated in Lowland Fields.

The cultivation of soybean is being expanded in traditional areas cultivated with rice, called the lowlands. However, soil characteristics are different from those in the highlands, which influences the exportation of nutrients to the grains. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the physical-chemical and technological characteristics of soybean grains harvested in lowlands in Brazil.

Multienzyme Immobilization on PVDF Membrane via One-Step Mussel-Inspired Method: Enhancing Fouling Resistance and Self-Cleaning Efficiency.

Immobilizing different enzymes on membranes can result in biocatalytic active membranes with a self-cleaning capacity toward a complex mixture of foulants. The membrane modification can reduce fouling and enhance filtration performance. Protease, lipase, and amylase were immobilized on poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) microfiltration membranes using a polydopamine coating in a one-step method.

Can Storage Stability and Simulated Gastrointestinal Behavior Change the Cytotoxic Effects of Concentrated Guava Leaves Extract against Human Lung Cancer Cells?

The influence of storage stability and simulated gastrointestinal behavior of different extracts of guava leaves extracts (NC: not concentrated, and C10 and C20: concentrated by nanofiltration) was evaluated based on their total phenolic compound (TPC) contents and antioxidant activity as well as on their cytotoxic effects on A549 and Vero cells. The results showed that C10 and C20 presented high stability for 125 days probably due to their high TPC contents and antioxidant activity. The simulated gastrointestinal behavior modified their TPC contents; however, after all digestion steps, the TPC values were higher than 70%, which means that they were still available to exert their bioactivities.

Sequential Process of Subcritical Water Hydrolysis and Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Butia Capitata Endocarp to Obtain Fermentable Sugars, Platform Chemicals, Bio-oil, and Biochar.

Butia capitata endocarp (BCE) is a biomass residue with the potential to produce a wide variety of bio-products. The processing of BCE in a sequential process of subcritical water hydrolysis (SWH) and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) was investigated to obtain fermentable sugars, platform chemicals, bio-oil, and biochar. The SWH was evaluated at 230 and 260 °C and solvent: feed mass ratios (R) of 10 and 20 for the production of fermentable sugars and platform chemicals.

Polymeric Materials Obtained by Extrusion and Injection Molding from Lignocellulosic Agroindustrial Biomass.

This review presents the advances in polymeric materials achieved by extrusion and injection molding from lignocellulosic agroindustrial biomass. Biomass, which is derived from agricultural and industrial waste, is a renewable and abundant feedstock that contains mainly cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. To improve the properties and functions of polymeric materials, cellulose is subjected to a variety of modifications.

New frontiers of soil fungal microbiome and its application for biotechnology in agriculture.

The fungi-based technology provided encouraging scenarios in the transition from a conventionally based economic system to the potential security of sources closely associated with the agricultural sphere such as the agriculture. In recent years, the intensification of fungi-based processes has generated significant gains, additionally to the production of materials with significant benefits and strong environmental importance. Furthermore, the growing concern for human health, especially in the agriculture scenario, has fostered the investigation of organisms with high biological and beneficial potential for use in agricultural systems.

Biomolecules in modern and sustainable agriculture.

This review presents scientific findings which indicate biomolecules are excellent candidates for the development of biopesticides. Efforts are being done to find routes to increase their concentrations in the cultivation media because this concentration facilitates applications, storage, and transportation. Some of these routes are co-fermentation and ultrasound-assisted fermentation.

Combination of chemical coagulation and membrane-based separation for dairy wastewater treatment.

An important factor resulted from the ascension of the milk and milk-based by-products production is many effluents directly released into the environment. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the combination of the chemical coagulation, with ferric chloride as a coagulant, and the membrane separation processes (MSP) and reverse osmosis (RO) processes in the treatment of effluents from a powdered milk dairy industry. To evaluate the effectiveness of the integration of these mechanisms, the characterization of the effluents was carried out through Total Nitrogen (N), Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), color, pH, and turbidity analysis.

Challenges and opportunities for third-generation ethanol production: A critical review.

In recent decades, third-generation (3G) biofuels have become a more attractive method of fuel production, as algae cultivation does not infringe on resources needed for food production. Additionally, algae can adapt to different environments, has high photosynthetic efficiency (CO fixation), and has a high potential for carbohydrate accumulation. The prevalence of algae worldwide demonstrates its ability to adapt to different environments and climates, proving its biodiversity and versatility.

Kinetic and thermodynamic study of enzymatic hydroesterification mechanism to fatty acid methyl esters synthesis.

Eversa® Transform 2.0 lipase used as biocatalyst to biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters - FAME) synthesis has been the target of interesting studies due to its thermostability and cost-effectiveness. In these researches, data about reaction conditions that result in satisfactory yields were investigated.

Evaluation of ultrasound waves for the production of chitinase and β-1,3 glucanase by through SSF.

Cell wall degrading enzymes (chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase) were produced by solid-state fermentation (SSF) using the fungus and different agro-industrial products, mainly residues. The influence of temperature (25-35 °C), initial moisture content (50-90% w/w), nutrient solution (1-2% v/w), and yeast extract (1-2% w/w) on enzyme activity was evaluated. The application of ultrasound during fermentation for different times (0-6 h/day) was also studied.

Adsorption of basic fuchsin using soybean straw hydrolyzed by subcritical water.

The valorization of agro-industrial residues can be improved through their full use, making the production of second-generation ethanol viable. In this scenario, hydrolyzed soybean straw generated from a subcritical water process was applied to the basic fuchsin adsorption. At pH eight, a high adsorption capacity was obtained.

Combined ultrasonic/subcritical water hydrolysis pretreatments for agricultural biomass.

In response to the intensification of eco-friendly routes as a strategy to access compounds of interest, extraction based on hydrothermal technologies is an efficient method to obtain high yields of compounds present in lignocellulosic materials. Accordingly, this study investigated the effects of the combination of ultrasonic pretreatments (energy density, 1.23 × 10-37.

Microencapsulation of Brazilian Cherokee blackberry extract by freeze-drying using maltodextrin, gum Arabic, and pectin as carrier materials.

There are many blackberry cultivars in Brazil; however, the characteristics and applications of the Cherokee cultivar have not yet been widely studied. For this reason, this research investigated the behaviour of maltodextrin (MD), gum Arabic (GA), and pectin (PEC), as carriers combined in different proportions (20% MD, 15% MD  +  5% GA, 15% MD  +  5% PEC), on encapsulation of Cherokee blackberry pulp extract obtained by freeze-drying. The results of moisture content (2.

Hydrothermal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for hemicellulose recovery.

The hemicellulosic fraction recovery is of interest for integrated processes in biorefineries, considering the possibility of high economic value products produced from their structural compounds of this polysaccharide. However, to perform an efficient recovery, it is necessary to use biomass fractionation techniques, and hydrothermal pretreatment is highlighted as a valuable technique in the hemicellulose recovery by applying high temperatures and pressure, causing dissolution of the structure. Considering the possibility of this pretreatment technique for current approaches to hemicellulose recovery, this article aimed to explore the relevance of hydrothermal pretreatment techniques (sub and supercritical water) as a strategy for recovering the hemicellulosic fraction from lignocellulosic biomass.

Extraction of bioactive compounds from using emergent technologies.

Unlabelled: Several plant species synthesize biologically active secondary metabolites. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are a large group of biotoxins produced by thousands of plant species to protect against the attack of insects and herbivores, but they are highly toxic for humans and animals. In this study, extracts from the aerial part of were obtained using different technologies: ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), and microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG).

Bioherbicidal potential of different species of Phoma: opportunities and challenges.

Modern agriculture has been facing new challenges and fostering innovations to establish sustainable plant production. An integral part of these strategies is implementing new eco-friendly technologies in plant protection for better human health and a safer environment by minimizing the use of hazardous chemicals and also encouraging innovations such as the use of bio-based strategies for weed control. This specific strategy addresses the need to reduce the use and risk of pesticides, replacing conventional chemical herbicides with new bio-based solutions.

Production of biofuels from soybean straw and hull hydrolysates obtained by subcritical water hydrolysis.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the ethanol production by Wickerhamomyces sp. using soybean straw and hull hydrolysates obtained by subcritical water hydrolysis and, afterward, the biogas production using the fermented hydrolysates. Ethanol was produced using the straw and hull hydrolysates diluted and supplement with glucose, reaching 5.

Extraction and characterization of polysaccharide-enriched fractions from Phoma dimorpha mycelial biomass.

Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) were tested as advanced clean methods to obtain polysaccharides from Phoma dimorpha mycelial biomass. These methods were compared to conventional extraction (hot water extraction, HWE) in terms of polysaccharides-enriched fractions (PEF) yield. A central composite rotational design was performed for each extraction method to investigate the influence of independent variables on the yield and to help the selection of the condition with the highest yield using water as an extraction solvent.

Impact of MWCO and Dopamine/Polyethyleneimine Concentrations on Surface Properties and Filtration Performance of Modified Membranes.

The mussel-inspired method has been investigated to modify commercial ultrafiltration membranes to induce antifouling characteristics. Such features are essential to improve the feasibility of using membrane processes in protein recovery from waste streams, wastewater treatment, and reuse. However, some issues still need to be clarified, such as the influence of membrane pore size and the polymer concentration used in modifying the solution.

Separation of microbial oil produced by Mortierella isabellina using polymeric membranes.

The objective of this work was to concentrate, through a membrane separation process, the fatty acids from oil/solvent mixture. The oil was obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction from freeze-dried cells of Mortierella isabellina. The concentration of the fatty acids was investigated using flat-sheet polymer membranes of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration.

Optimization of subcritical water hydrolysis of pecan wastes biomasses in a semi-continuous mode.

Pecan cultivation has increased in recent years. Consequently, the amount of lignocellulosic residuals from its production has expanded. Thus, there is a necessity to explore and add value to their coproducts.

Lipases in liquid formulation for biodiesel production: Current status and challenges.

Enzymatic synthesis of biodiesel showed advantageous characteristics in relation to other technologies once it works under bland conditions, no generation of wastewater, no occurrence of saponifications reactions and production of a biodiesel with high quality. Although many researches still apply immobilized lipases, the high costs associated with this biocatalyst hamper the economic viability of the process. Lipases in free/soluble/liquid formulation employed to biodiesel production via hydroesterification reaction have attracted interest from researchers because they are more cost effective than the immobilized form, making the enzymatic route more competitive.

Improving the soluble lipase-catalyzed biodiesel production through a two-step hydroesterification reaction system.

The application of lipases in liquid formulation instead of immobilized forms in the enzymatic biodiesel synthesis can make the process cost-efficient, more competitive, and sustainable. However, despite the benefits, the long reaction times required to achieve satisfactory yields is still a drawback of this biotechnological process. In this sense, employing the novel low-cost soluble NS40116 lipase, this paper proposes an innovative two-step hydroesterification reaction (TSHR) system as a technique of improving the reaction rate of an enzymatic biodiesel production.

Use of membranes for the treatment and reuse of water from the pre-cooling system of chicken carcasses.

Poultry processing plants generate large amounts of wastewater in the many steps necessary to provide high quality and safe products. Carcass chilling is one of these steps, where the temperature of the carcass is reduced from 40°C to 4°C, for reducing the growth rate of microorganisms and affecting flavour, texture and appearance. In this operation, carcasses are continually displaced through a series of two tanks (called pre-chiller and chiller) filled with cold water, thus being responsible for a considerable amount of wastewater generation.