[Physician-led healthcare structures for patients in out-of-hospital intensive care nursing: a cross-sectional survey by the German Society for Out-of-Hospital Ventilation].

Background: Patients in out-of-hospital intensive care are usually provided with a tracheal cannula and often additionally receive mechanical ventilation. Less frequently, they receive non-invasive ventilation. Their potential to be weaned from the ventilator and to have their tracheostomy tubes removed must be evaluated twice per year from January 1, 2025 on.

[Certification by the German Society for Neurorehabiliation, DGNR : Performance and quality of the "Centers for weaning from a ventilator in early neurological and neurosurgical rehabilitation"].

Background: Certification of centers for weaning from a ventilator in neurological neurosurgical early rehabilitation (NNER) by the German Society for Neurorehabilitation (DGNR) is possible since 1 October 2021.

Objective: The results of certification of facilities in the first year after starting the procedure are presented.

Material And Methods: As part of the certification process 28 criteria are assessed including a set of mandatory characteristics of the facility.

[The certification of centers for weaning from mechanical ventilation in neurological and neurosurgical early rehabilitation by the German Society for Neurorehabilitation].

Specialized centers for weaning in neurological and neurosurgical early rehabilitation can be certified by the German Society for Neurorehabilitation (DGNR) since 1 October 2021. The certification criteria are indicators for structure and process quality and for treatment results for weaning of neurological patients from mechanical ventilation. In Germany these patients are treated in departments for neurological and neurosurgical early rehabilitation in acute care hospitals as well as in specialized rehabilitation hospitals.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for improving activities of daily living, and physical and cognitive functioning, in people after stroke.

Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Functional impairment, resulting in poor performance in activities of daily living (ADL) among stroke survivors is common. Current rehabilitation approaches have limited effectiveness in improving ADL performance, function, muscle strength, and cognitive abilities (including spatial neglect) after stroke, with improving cognition being the number one research priority in this field.

Electromechanical-assisted training for walking after stroke.

Background: Electromechanical- and robot-assisted gait-training devices are used in rehabilitation and might help to improve walking after stroke. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2007 and previously updated in 2017.

Objectives: Primary • To determine whether electromechanical- and robot-assisted gait training versus normal care improves walking after stroke Secondary • To determine whether electromechanical- and robot-assisted gait training versus normal care after stroke improves walking velocity, walking capacity, acceptability, and death from all causes until the end of the intervention phase SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Stroke Group Trials Register (last searched 6 January 2020); the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; 2020 Issue 1), in the Cochrane Library; MEDLINE in Ovid (1950 to 6 January 2020); Embase (1980 to 6 January 2020); the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL; 1982 to 20 November 2019); the Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED; 1985 to 6 January 2020); Web of Science (1899 to 7 January 2020); SPORTDiscus (1949 to 6 January 2020); the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro; searched 7 January 2020); and the engineering databases COMPENDEX (1972 to 16 January 2020) and Inspec (1969 to 6 January 2020).

[Multidrug Resistant Organisms (MDRO) in Rehabilitation: Prevalence and Risk Factors for MRGN and VRE].

Background: After a first large-scale study on multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO) in rehabilitation facilities in 2014, the Rhine-Main network on MDRO carried out another investigation in 2019. With regard to the recently published KRINKO recommendations on multidrug resistant enterococci, now vancomycin -resistant enterococci (VRE) and multi-drug resistant gram-negative pathogens (3MRGN and 4MRGN, i. e.

[Weaning in neurological and neurosurgical early rehabilitation-Results from the "WennFrüh" study of the German Society for Neurorehabilitation].

Neurological and neurosurgical early rehabilitation patients are often so critically ill that they must be weaned from mechanical ventilation in addition to early rehabilitative treatment. The German Society for Neurorehabilitation (DGNR) carried out a survey and asked neurological weaning units to provide information on structural characteristics of the facility, including personnel and technical resources and the number of cases and outcome based on anonymous data. In total 36 weaning units from 11 federal states with a total of 496 beds participated in the survey.

Systematic review with network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of robotic-assisted arm training for improving activities of daily living and upper limb function after stroke.

Background: The aim of the present study was to to assess the relative effectiveness of the various types of electromechanical-assisted arm devices and approaches after stroke.

Method: This is a systematic review of randomized controlled trials with network meta-analysis. Our primary endpoints were activities of daily living (measured e.

Oxygen Electroreduction at High-Index Pt Electrodes in Alkaline Electrolytes: A Decisive Role of the Alkali Metal Cations.

Currently, platinum group metals play a central role in the electrocatalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Successful design and synthesis of new highly active materials for this process mainly rely on understanding of the so-called electrified electrode/electrolyte interface. It is widely accepted that the catalytic properties of this interface are only dependent on the electrode surface composition and structure.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for improving aphasia in adults with aphasia after stroke.

Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and aphasia among survivors is common. Current speech and language therapy (SLT) strategies have only limited effectiveness in improving aphasia. A possible adjunct to SLT for improving SLT outcomes might be non-invasive brain stimulation by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to modulate cortical excitability and hence to improve aphasia.

[Mechanical ventilation in neurological organizational units in Germany].

Background: Mechanical ventilation is provided for neurological patients in the following settings: in neurointensive care units, in centers providing weaning and early rehabilitation and in home mechanical ventilation. In the last decade there has been a sharp rise in treatment and bed capacities for mechanically ventilated neurological patients in specialized centers in Germany in the areas of weaning and neurological neurosurgical early rehabilitation of ventilated patients. Neither the number of beds nor details about structures in these centers with respect to bed capacity, personnel and qualifications, equipment, treatment methods and concepts are known.

The Improvement of Walking Ability Following Stroke.

Background: Gait velocity and maximum walking distance are central parameters for measuring the success of rehabilitation of gait after a stroke. The goal of this study was to provide an overview of current evidence on the rehabilitation of gait after a stroke.

Methods: A systematic review of randomized, controlled trials was carried out using network meta-analysis.

Electromechanical and robot-assisted arm training for improving activities of daily living, arm function, and arm muscle strength after stroke.

Background: Electromechanical and robot-assisted arm training devices are used in rehabilitation, and may help to improve arm function after stroke.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of electromechanical and robot-assisted arm training for improving activities of daily living, arm function, and arm muscle strength in people after stroke. We also assessed the acceptability and safety of the therapy.

Mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke.

Background: Mirror therapy is used to improve motor function after stroke. During mirror therapy, a mirror is placed in the person's midsagittal plane, thus reflecting movements of the non-paretic side as if it were the affected side.

Objectives: To summarise the effectiveness of mirror therapy compared with no treatment, placebo or sham therapy, or other treatments for improving motor function and motor impairment after stroke.

Factors influencing weaning from mechanical ventilation in neurological and neurosurgical early rehabilitation patients.

Background: Studies analyzing risk factors of weaning failure in neurological and neurosurgical early rehabilitation (NNER) patients are rare.

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify clinical factors influencing the weaning of NNER patients.

Design: An observational, retrospective data analysis of a German multicenter study was performed.

Nature of Highly Active Electrocatalytic Sites for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction at Pt Electrodes in Acidic Media.

The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is one of the two processes in electrolytic water splitting. Known for more than two centuries, the HER still receives great attention in fundamental and applied science in view of its apparent simplicity (only two electrons are transferred), fast kinetics in acidic media, and promising technological applications in electrolyzers. However, the exact nature of active catalytic sites for this reaction is often uncertain, especially at nonuniform metal electrodes.

Electromechanical-assisted training for walking after stroke.

Background: Electromechanical- and robotic-assisted gait-training devices are used in rehabilitation and might help to improve walking after stroke. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2007.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of automated electromechanical- and robotic-assisted gait-training devices for improving walking after stroke.

Why conclusions from platinum model surfaces do not necessarily lead to enhanced nanoparticle catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction.

Experiments on model surfaces commonly help in identifying the structural sensitivity of catalytic reactions. Nevertheless, their conclusions do not frequently lead to devising superior "real-world" catalysts. For instance, this is true for single-crystal platinum electrodes and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), an important reaction for sustainable energy conversion.

Regaining water swallowing function in the rehabilitation of critically ill patients with intensive-care-unit acquired muscle weakness.

Purpose: Treatment in intensive care units (ICUs) often results in swallowing dysfunction. Recent longitudinal studies have described the recovery of critically ill people, but we are not aware of studies of the recovery of swallowing function in patients with ICU-acquired muscle weakness. This paper aims to describe the time course of regaining water swallowing function in patients with ICU-acquired weakness in the post-acute phase and to describe the risks of regaining water swallowing function and the risk factors involved.

Transcranial direct current stimulation for improving idiopathic Parkinson's syndrome. An abridged version of a Cochrane review.

Introduction: Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease (IPD) is a neurodegenerative disorder. The severity of disability usually increases with disease duration and affects patients' impairment, disability and health-related quality of life. A possible adjunct to improve outcomes in patients with IPD might be transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to modulate cortical excitability and hence improving outcomes in people with IPD.

Time to decannulation and associated risk factors in the postacute rehabilitation of critically ill patients with intensive care unit-acquired weakness: a cohort study.

Background: Treatment of critical illness on intensive-care-units (ICU) results often in persistent invasive endotracheal intubation which might delay rehabilitation and increases the risk of mortality. Recent longitudinal studies have described the recovery of critically ill people, but the detailed time course of decannulation in patients with chronic critical illness with ICU-acquired muscle weakness (ICUAW) is not well known.

Aim: The aim of our study was to describe the decannulation times and associated risk factors in patients who are chronic critically ill with ICU acquired weakness.

Recovery of sit-to-stand function in patients with intensive-care-unit-acquired muscle weakness: Results from the General Weakness Syndrome Therapy cohort study.

Objectives: To describe the time course of recovery of sit-to-stand function in patients with intensive-care-unit-acquired muscle weakness and the impact of recovery.

Methods: A cohort study in post-acute intensive care unit and rehabilitation units. Patients with chronic critical illness and intensive-care-unit-acquired muscle weakness were included.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Background: Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, with the severity of the disability usually increasing with disease duration. IPD affects patients' health-related quality of life, disability, and impairment. Current rehabilitation approaches have limited effectiveness in improving outcomes in patients with IPD, but a possible adjunct to rehabilitation might be non-invasive brain stimulation by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to modulate cortical excitability, and hence to improve these outcomes in IPD.