Special needs of refugees with substance use disorders from conflict-affected countries: a comparison with German-born individuals.

Background: Refugees seem to be at enhanced risk for substance use disorders. At the same time, they have less access to services and their health needs remain poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the specific needs of refugees as compared to German-born individuals seeking help for substance use disorders.

Alcohol Screening and Brief Intervention in Primary Health Care in Kazakhstan-Results of a Cluster Randomised Pilot Study.

The aim of this pilot trial was to assess the feasibility of ASBI in primary health care units (PHCUs) in Kazakhstan. A two-arm cluster randomised trial in five PHCUs based on the RE-AIM framework for implementation studies was carried out. Patients with AUDIT-C scores ≥4 for females and ≥5 for males received a brief face-to-face intervention delivered by a trained physician plus information leaflet (intervention group, IG) or simple feedback including a leaflet (control group, CG).

Brain network clustering with information flow motifs.

Recent work has revealed frequency-dependent global patterns of information flow by a network analysis of magnetoencephalography data of the human brain. However, it is unknown which properties on a small subgraph-scale of those functional brain networks are dominant at different frequencies bands. Motifs are the building blocks of networks on this level and have previously been identified as important features for healthy and abnormal brain function.

E-cigarette use among Serbian adults: prevalence and user characteristics.

Objectives: The objective was to report the prevalence and characteristics of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) users in order to inform an appropriate response to this emerging challenge in tobacco control.

Methods: Data were drawn from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2014 that used computer-assisted interviewing in a representative sample of 5385 Serbian adults age 18-64 years.

Results: Lifetime e-cigarette use and current use was reported by 9.

Are experiences of sexual violence related to special needs in patients with substance use disorders? A study in opioid-dependent patients.

A history of sexual violence has been related to more complex treatment needs in patients with substance use disorders (SUD). Most of the existing studies, however, included patients with various types of SUD, did not examine gender differences and focused on a small range of clinical domains. Our sample consisted of opioid-dependent outpatients treated during a three-year period in a German metropolitan region.

What are the needs of alcohol dependent patients with a history of sexual violence? A case-register study in a metropolitan region.

Background: Sexual violence has become increasingly apparent as a factor determining more complex treatment needs in patients with substance abuse. However, empirical evidence on specific patterns of differences between patients with and without a history of sexual violence is scarce.

Methods: Our sample consisted of alcohol dependent outpatients treated during a two-year period in a German metropolitan region.